[Hydrocephalus and the Goldenhar syndrome].

Two female babies with Goldenhar syndrome have, the first an aqueductal stenosis, the second repetitive spells of pain and strain of the anterior fontanel. Aqueductal stenosis, hydrocephalus or intracranial hypertension are not previously described in this syndrome.

[Nasal cannula, a simple, not very cumbersome, and efficacious means to induce a positive expiratory pressure in neonatology].

The authors report their 6 years experience in the use of a CPAP nasal cannula in 91 children. Their indications are idiopathic respiratory distress (hyaline membrane disease) stage I, II, III in children more than 1500 g, stage I and II for those less than 1500 g; transitory respiratory distress; cesarean lung; amniotic inhalation after aspiration and physiotherapy. In 75 newborns this method rendered tracheal intubation unnecessary.

[Use of nasal cannula to induce positive expiratory pressure in neonatology].

A 6 years experience of the use of a CPAP nasal cannula is reported. In children over 1,500 g and Silverman's index less than or equal to 6, the indications for this technique were neonatal idiopathic respiratory distress (excluding stage 4), transitory respiratory distress, cesarean lungs and amniotic inhalation of clear fluid after aspiration and physiotherapy. In children under 1,500 g, it was used only when Silverman's index was less than or equal to 5, and when correct hemodynamic, thermal and metabolic status were present.