Remifentanil for analgesia during retrobulbar nerve block placement.

Background And Objectives: Patients undergoing eye surgery under regional anaesthesia often require concomitant medication for analgesia and comfort. Remifentanil, with its ultra-short acting-profile, may be useful to reduce pain during retrobulbar nerve block for cataract surgery.

Methods: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind study to compare the efficacy of remifentanil for analgesia during retrobulbar nerve block placement.

[Carcinoid tumor of the lung. An unusual form of ocular metastasis].

Carcinoid tumors are slowly and locally invasive growing neoplasms. Their main localization is in the ileum or in organs derived from the embryonic foregut, i.e.

Interactions between insulin and insulin-like growth factor I in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian disease.

Concentrations of growth factors were examined in 28 patients with clinical and endocrinologic signs of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). Elevated levels of total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and decreased levels of the human growth hormone (HGH) were found. Studies of carbohydrate metabolism and of insulin receptors on erythrocytes indicated insulin resistance in all PCOD patients.

[MK-507 (L-671 152): local tolerance and effectiveness of a new local carbonic anhydrase inhibitor in healthy probands].

A three-dose, randomized, double-blind parallel, placebo-controlled ocular tolerancy study was undertaken in 24 healthy, normal volunteers with two formulations of 2% MK-507 (L-671 152), a novel water-soluble, topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. In this study MK-507 was administered to humans for the first time. Subjects received 3 sequential drops of the test drug in one randomly selected eye (at 13:00, 14:00, and 14:10 o'clock): ten received 2% MK-507 formulated with 0.

[A questionable parasitic macular cyst].

A 60 year old male patient is introduced who developed a loss of vision caused by chorioretinal cystic alteration in the macula of the left eye 9 months after a routine extracapsular cataract surgery with implantation of posterior chamber lens. There existed no other general symptoms, hematologic values and serology were regular. Having discussed literature the diagnosis of solitary Toxocara canis granuloma was produced.

Congenital generalized cystic lymphangiomatosis diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound.

We describe a previously unknown congenital abnormality of the lymphatic system, characterized by multiple cystic lesions of the lower extremities and thorax. Diagnosis was made by ultrasound in the second trimester. The ultrasound findings, pathology results, and differential diagnosis are presented.

[A new topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (MK-927). Tolerance comparison with betaxolol in healthy probands].

MK-927 is a new topical carboanhydrase inhibitor with proven ability to lower intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients. Subjective and objective symptoms following topical application of MK-927 were evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in which 24 healthy male volunteers took part. Symptoms were rated according to a visual analog scale by the volunteers and according to a grading scale by the examiner.

[Birdshot chorioretinopathy: systemic therapy with corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs].

The symptoms and clinical course of a case of birdshot chorioretinopathy are described. The patient was a 40-year-old woman. The condition can be treated with two types of medication, i.

Serum fructosamine and amniotic fluid insulin levels in patients with gestational diabetes and healthy control subjects.

Gestational diabetic pregnancies with fetal hyperinsulinism should be identified because these cases require insulin therapy. To determine the relationship between the serum fructosamine and amniotic fluid insulin concentrations, these substances were measured in 87 pregnant women with impaired glucose tolerance. Fructosamine was also measured in 678 healthy pregnant control subjects, in 113 of whom amniotic fluid insulin levels were available.

Maternal serum fructosamine and maternofetal glucose and insulin homeostasis in normal pregnancy.

Well-defined normal values are necessary to identify pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes (GD) and thus further reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality from this condition. The present study defined the range for the oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) in 2578 pregnancies. After exclusion of abnormal results 822 randomized patients were used to define normal values for fructosamine, HbA1c, insulin, glucose and C-peptide in the maternal serum; insulin, glucose and fructosamine in the amniotic fluid; and insulin, glucose, C-peptide and fructosamine in the cord blood.

Fructosamine in relation to maternofetal glucose and insulin homeostasis in gestational diabetes.

The problem in screening for gestational diabetes is recognizing fetuses endangered by hyperinsulinism. 21.8% of patients with gestational diabetes (defined as a glucose peak exceeding 160 mg/dl after an oral glucose load of 1 g per kg body weight) develop fetal hyperinsulinism.

[Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Prenatal diagnosis and prognosis].

The routine use of ultrasonics during pregnancy allows an early diagnosis of a sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) with a high degree of certainty. The perinatal management is shown in a four case example prenatally diagnosed. The assessment of N-Acetylcholinesterase in the amniotic fluid in cases of cystic teratomas does not allow a safe differentiation from a myelomeningocele.

[Staging of cervix cancer using MRT].

In a prospective study the results of FIGO staging and MR staging in uterine cervical carcinoma were compared with the findings of stepwise serial examination of en-bloc-resected specimens in 28 patients. Overall accuracy of MR staging was 59% compared to 41% in FIGO staging. Sensitivity in assessing parametrial tumour extension was 85% in MRI and 64% in clinical examination.

MK-927: a topically effective carbonic anhydrase inhibitor in patients.

The effects on intraocular pressure of the novel topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor MK-927 were investigated for the first time in patients. Three drops of 2% MK-927 was administered in a two-center, double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover study in 25 patients with bilateral primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. At 4.