Persistent Gingival Bleeding Related to Periodontal Disease.

Objective More patients visit oral surgery outpatient clinics from evening to night to treat persistent gingival bleeding (PGB) related to periodontal disease (PD) (PD-PGB). Since there are few reports on PD-PGB, the present study performed a detailed characterisation of this disease. Materials and methods Patients who visited our oral surgery clinic between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2022 to treat PD-PGB without trauma.

Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses reveal uncharted microbial constituents responsible for polyhydroxybutyrate biodegradation in coastal waters.

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) has attracted attention as a representative polymer for biodegradable plastics produced by microorganisms. Since information regarding the fate of PHB released into the environment is limited, it is necessary to identify them based on metagenomic information. We estimated the PHB biodegradability in coastal water samples collected from 15 near shore sites around Japan using oxygen consumption as an indicator in laboratory-scale incubation experiments and conducted 16S rRNA gene-based microbial community profiling.

Formation of Poly-L-Lysine-Porphyrin Derivative Complex Exhibiting Diminished Dark Toxicity in Aqueous Solutions and High Photodynamic Activity.

Poly-L-lysine (PLL) displays a high solubilizing ability for hydrophobic guest molecules, and when in complexes with guest molecules, it exhibits a high intracellular uptake. However, its high cytotoxicity, originating from its cationic character, significantly limits its applications in biological and medicinal chemistry. In this study, the amount of free PLL in an aqueous solution of a PLL-porphyrin complex was immensely reduced, resulting in considerably lower dark toxicity than that of the free PLL.

Association of Periodontitis with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults.

Background: Early detection of cognitive decline, including mild cognitive impairment, is expected to provide a better prognosis. Several studies have suggested an association between periodontitis and mild cognitive impairment.

Objectives/design: To test the hypothesis that there is an association between severe periodontitis and mild cognitive impairment in community residents who participated in a dental health check-up program.

Changes Over Time in Masseter Muscle Activity, Symptoms of Discomfort, Stress Level and Salivary Flow Rate Following Intra-Oesophageal Acid Infusion.

Background: Intra-oesophageal acid stimulation increases masseter muscle activity. However, the infusion speeds used in previous studies are significantly slow, with minimal acid volume (30 mL over 30 min). Additionally, it is unclear how masseter muscle activity, symptoms of discomfort, stress levels and saliva quantity change over time.

Metabolically inducing defects in DNA repair sensitizes -wild-type cancer cells to replication stress.

Metabolic reprogramming from oxidative respiration to glycolysis is generally considered to be advantageous for tumor initiation and progression. However, we found that breast cancer cells forced to perform glycolysis acquired a vulnerability to PARP inhibitors. Small-molecule inhibition of mitochondrial respiration-using glyceollin I, metformin, or phenformin-induced overproduction of the oncometabolite lactate, which acidified the extracellular milieu and repressed the expression of homologous recombination (HR)-associated DNA repair genes.

Dental Hygienists' Awareness of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Private Dental Clinics in Japan.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) caused by bisphosphonates (BPs) and denosumab (Dmab) is still a major oral adverse event caused by cancer treatment and may be under-recognized by private dental services. With the aim of reducing the prevalence of MRONJ, this study, which is a pilot study for a planned future large-scale survey, compared knowledge about MRONJ between dental hygienists (DHs) in private dental clinics and those in cancer center hospitals. We conducted a questionnaire-based survey regarding MRONJ between 1 November 2023 and 31 January 2024 on DHs at a cancer base hospital and a private clinic in Saitama, Japan.

Porphyrin as Photosensitizers for Controlling Marine Biodegradation of Polymer Composites.

Biodegradable polymer-photosensitizer composites were developed, which is suppressed biodegradation due to bactericidal activity under light irradiation but proceeds under dark conditions. The composites exhibited antibacterial activity under light irradiation, which was attributed to the generation of singlet oxygen (O). Biodegradation was evaluated in seawater using the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) method.

Citrate metabolism controls the senescent microenvironment via the remodeling of pro-inflammatory enhancers.

The senescent microenvironment and aged cells per se contribute to tissue remodeling, chronic inflammation, and age-associated dysfunction. However, the metabolic and epigenomic bases of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) remain largely unknown. Here, we show that ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY), a key enzyme in acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthesis, is essential for the pro-inflammatory SASP, independent of persistent growth arrest in senescent cells.

AlveoMPU: Bridging the Gap in Lung Model Interactions Using a Novel Alveolar Bilayer Film.

The alveoli, critical sites for gas exchange in the lungs, comprise alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary capillary endothelial cells. Traditional experimental models rely on porous polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate membranes, which restrict direct cell-to-cell contact. To address this limitation, we developed AlveoMPU, a new foam-based mortar-like polyurethane-formed alveolar model that facilitates direct cell-cell interactions.

A Case of Nonocclusive Mesenteric Ischemia During Bioradiotherapy With Cetuximab.

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) causes mesenteric ischemia and intestinal necrosis despite the absence of organic obstruction, such as thrombi and emboli in mesenteric blood vessels, and it has an extremely poor prognosis. We report a case of NOMI developed during bioradiotherapy (BRT) with cetuximab for cervical lymph node metastasis of tongue cancer. The patient was a 73-year-old man who underwent right radical neck dissection for neck lymph node metastasis after tongue cancer surgery.

Dietary Supplementation of Vitamin B to Rats Fed High-Amylose Cornstarch Normalizes Propionate Fermentation in the Colon.

Since propionate exerts several physiological effects, maintenance of its normal colonic fermentation is essential. To investigate whether vitamin B (VB) is essential for normal propionate fermentation by colonic bacteria, via the succinate pathway, we examined if high-amylose cornstarch (HACS) feeding activated such a pathway, if high HACS feeding impaired propionate fermentation, and if oral VB supplementation normalized propionate fermentation. Male rats were given control, 20% HACS or 3% fucose diets (Expt.

Prognostic Significance of Serum Interleukin-6 Levels in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction The prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is often poor despite standard treatments. Additionally, no useful prognostic markers are available. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and prognosis and explore its local and systemic effects in patients with OSCC.

Do maxillary dentures protect the skull base from penetration injury?

Key Clinical Message: Foreign bodies penetrating from the oral cavity can damage surrounding tissues. This case is considered an extremely rare and fortunate instance in which a maxillary denture appeared to weaken the external force and change the direction of the scissors, preventing damage to vital organs.

Abstract: The patient was a 73-year-old man.

KRT13 and UPK1B for differential diagnosis between metastatic lung carcinoma from oral squamous cell carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinomas unusually show distant metastasis to the lung after primary treatment, which can be difficult to differentiate from primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. While the location and number of tumor nodules is helpful in diagnosing cases, differential diagnosis may be difficult even with histopathological examination. Therefore, we attempted to identify molecules that can facilitate accurate differential diagnosis.

Positive impact of perioperative oral management on the risk of surgical site infections after abdominal surgery: Sixteen universities in Japan.

Surgical site infections (SSI) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. This study aimed to investigate the ability of perioperative oral management (POM) to reduce the risk of SSI in abdominal surgery Real-world data collected from 16 university hospitals in Japan were reviewed. The medical records of consecutive 2782 patients (1750 men and 1032 women) who underwent abdominal surgery under general anesthesia at 16 university hospitals were retrospectively reviewed.

Endovascular coils mimicking accidental ingestion of a dental-related foreign body in radiographic imaging.

If a foreign body is seen on chest or abdominal radiographs, accidental aspiration or ingestion of a dental-related foreign body may be suspected. This report describes a case in which vascular embolization coils seen on radiography were suspected to represent a swallowed dental prosthesis. A 72-year-old man with a history of endovascular embolization of portosystemic shunt was admitted for mandibular fracture.