In Vivo Quantification of Anterior and Posterior Chamber Volumes in Mice: Implications for Aqueous Humor Dynamics.

Purpose: Aqueous humor inflow rate, a key parameter influencing aqueous humor dynamics, is typically measured by fluorophotometry. Analyzing fluorophotometric data depends, inter alia, on the volume of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber but not the posterior chamber. Previous fluorophotometric studies of the aqueous inflow rate in mice have assumed the ratio of anterior:posterior volumes in mice to be similar to those in humans.

Co-Amorphization, Dissolution, and Stability of Quench-Cooled Drug-Drug Coamorphous Supersaturating Delivery Systems with RT-Unstable Amorphous Components.

: Supersaturating drug delivery systems (SDDSs) have gained significant attention as a promising strategy to enhance the solubility and bioabsorption of Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) II drugs. To overcome challenges associated with polymer-based amorphous SDDS (aSDDS), coamorphous (CAM) systems have emerged as a viable alternative. Among them, "drug-drug" CAM (ddCAM) systems show considerable potential for combination drug therapy.

Sub-terahertz transmissive reconfigurable intelligent surface for integrated beam steering and self-OOK-modulation.

Boasting superior flexibility in beam manipulation and a simpler framework than traditional phased arrays, terahertz metasurface-based phased arrays show great promise for 5G-A/6G communication networks. Compared with the reflective reconfigurable intelligent surface (reflective RIS), the transmissive RIS (TRIS) offers more feasibility for transceiver multiplexing systems to meet the growing demand for high-performance beam tracking in terahertz communication and radar systems. However, the terahertz TRIS encounters greater challenges in phase shift, beam efficiency, and complex circuitry.

Effects of Heart Rate Fluctuation on Aerobic Training Outcomes in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Prospective Study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different heart rate fluctuation ranges during aerobic training on outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: Ninety-seven patients diagnosed with stable CAD were enrolled between March 2017 and December 2019. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: the control (CON) group, the medium-intensity heart rate small range (MIS) group, and the medium-intensity heart rate large range (MIL) group.

NIR-715 photodynamic therapy induces immunogenic cancer cell death by enhancing the endoplasmic reticulum stress response.

Effectively interfering with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function in tumor cells and simultaneously activating an anti-tumor immune microenvironment to attack the tumor cells are promising strategies for cancer treatment. However, precise ER-stress induction is still a huge challenge. In this study, we synthesized a near-infrared (NIR) probe, NIR-715, which induces tumor cell death and inhibits tumor growth without causing apparent side effects.

Consensus Recommendations for Studies of Outflow Facility and Intraocular Pressure Regulation Using Ex Vivo Perfusion Approaches.

Intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation is the primary risk factor and currently the main treatable factor for progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. In addition to direct clinical and living animal in vivo studies, ex vivo perfusion of anterior segments and whole eyes is a key technique for studying conventional outflow function as it is responsible for IOP regulation. We present well-tested experimental details, protocols, considerations, advantages, and limitations of several ex vivo model systems for studying IOP regulation.

An angle-selective photonic crystal for multi-physical sensing applications.

This study reports a high-transmission photonic crystal (PC) that was optimized for TM waves at a frequency of 43.8 GHz and engineered using photonic band gap (PBG) principles to achieve angle selection. The structure demonstrated a remarkable transmission from -68° to 0°, consistently exceeding 80% efficiency.

[Retracted] Inhibition of 5‑lipoxygenase triggers apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells.

Following the publication of the above paper, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that Fig. 3 on p. 664, showing TUNEL assay data relating to apoptosis of the cell line under investigation in this paper, contained apparent anomalies, including repeated patternings of certain cells both within and between the data panels, such that it would have been difficult to have attributed these anomalies to coincidence.

Combined PD-1 and IL-10 blockade reinvigorates mucosal CD8T exhaustion and relieves liver damage after intestinal ischemia reperfusion attack.

Currently, impairments in gut mucosal immunity following intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IR) remain unclear. Mucosal CD8T cells are critical for host defense against bacterial translocation from the gut lumen, and exhausted T cells lose robust effector functions. The present study was designed to verify the hypothesis that intestinal IR leads to mucosal CD8T cell exhaustion, and that reinvigoration of exhausted CD8T cell attenuates IR-induced bacterial translocation and liver damage.

A layered Janus metastructure for multi-physical quantity detection based on the second harmonic wave.

In the field of nonlinear optics and physical quantity detection, the use of the second harmonic wave (SHW) generated in ferroelectric crystals is proposed to realize multi-physical quantity detection with the Janus property. In view of the single physical quantity detected by the current research and the single application scenario, this paper proposes a multi-functional and novel nonlinear Janus metastructure (NJMS), which exploits the SHW to achieve highly sensitive multi-physical quantity detection in the terahertz frequency range and shows Janus properties in both the forward and backward directions of the system. The NJMS is realized to detect refractive indices, thicknesses, and angles with different modes in the forward and backward directions.

Tiliroside protects against diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), affecting half of diabetic patients and contributing significantly to end-stage kidney disease, poses a substantial medical challenge requiring dialysis or transplantation. The nuanced onset and clinical progression of kidney disease in diabetes involve consistent renal function decline and persistent albuminuria.

Aim: To investigate Tiliroside's (Til) protective effect against diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats under diabetic conditions.

Second harmonic generation based on graphene hyperstructure for higher resolution and performance on top of achieving fundamental wave detection in theory.

In this paper, an innovative one-dimensional graphene hyperstructure (GHS) is proposed, allowing for the concurrent detection of multiple physical parameters in both the fundamental and second harmonic generation. The sensing characteristics of GHS pertaining to magnetic field strength (B), incident electromagnetic wave angle (θ), and graphene thickness (d) are systematically investigated. Moreover, through the incorporation of second harmonic generation alongside fundamental detection, higher resolution and performance are achieved.

Dual-channel asymmetric absorption-transmission properties based on plasma metastructures-photonic crystals.

In this paper, a kind of plasma metastructures-photonic crystals (PMPC) structure is proposed to investigate the absorption and transmission properties of electromagnetic waves (EWs) incident from opposite directions. The results show that the PMPC can achieve a dual-channel asymmetric absorption-transmission (AAT) phenomenon. At an operating bandwidth (OB) of 2.

Two-Periodic MoS-Type Metal-Organic Frameworks with Intrinsic Intralayer Porosity for High-Capacity Water Sorption.

2D metal-organic frameworks (2D-MOFs) are an important class of functional porous materials. However, the low porosity and surface area of 2D-MOFs have greatly limited their functionalities and applications. Herein, the rational synthesis of a class of mos-MOFs with molybdenum disulfide (mos) net based on the assembly of trinuclear metal clusters and 3-connected tripodal organic ligands is reported.

Predicting the risk of coronary artery calcium progression in the general population: insights from the MESA and CARDIA studies.

Aim: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. This study aims to develop and validate a practical tool for predicting individual CAC progression in the general population.

Materials And Methods: Data were utilized from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort, comprising 5486 participants (47.

Absorptive frequency-selective transmission/reflection metamaterials with angular-insensitive and switchable octave absorption.

Absorptive frequency-selective transmission/reflection (AFST/AFSR) metamaterials (MMs) embedded with yttrium-iron-garnet are proposed, capable of achieving angular-insensitive and switchable octave absorption. The season optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize the structural parameters of the MM, thus achieving exceptional angular stability. By adjusting the discrete decreasing magnetic field applied to the MM, it can freely switch between double, triple, quadruple, and fivefold octave absorptions.

Stroke-Induced Renal Dysfunction: Underlying Mechanisms and Challenges of the Brain-Kidney Axis.

Stroke, a major neurological disorder and a leading cause of disability and death, often inflicts damage upon other organs, particularly the kidneys. While chronic kidney disease (CKD) has long been established as a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular disease, stroke can induce renal dysfunction, manifesting as acute kidney injury (AKI) or CKD. Mounting clinical and basic research evidence supports the existence of a bidirectional brain-kidney crosstalk following stroke, implicating specific mechanisms and pathways in stroke-related renal dysfunction.

Physics-informed line graph neural network for power flow calculation.

Power flow calculation plays a significant role in the operation and planning of modern power systems. Traditional numerical calculation methods have good interpretability but high time complexity. They are unable to cope with increasing amounts of data in power systems; therefore, many machine learning based methods have been proposed for more efficient power flow calculation.

[Prognosis of different hemodynamic classifications in patients with pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease].

To compare the prognostic values of different classification by using transpulmonary pressure gradient (TPG), diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (PH-LHD), and investigated hemodynamic and clinical factors associated with mortality in patients with PH-LHD. This was a single-center prospective cohort study. In-hospital patients diagnosed with PH-LHD via right heart catheterization at the Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from September 2013 to December 2019 were enrolled.

Robotic Visible-Light Optical Coherence Tomography Visualizes Segmental Schlemm's Canal Anatomy and Segmental Pilocarpine Response.

Purpose: To use robotic visible-light OCT (vis-OCT) to study circumferential segmental Schlemm's canal (SC) anatomy in mice after topical pilocarpine administration.

Methods: Anterior segment imaging was performed using a vis-OCT sample arm attached to a 6-degree-of-freedom robotic arm to maintain normal (perpendicular) laser illumination aimed at SC around the limbus. Sixteen mice were studied for repeatability testing and to study aqueous humor outflow (AHO) pathway response to topical drug.