Spatial features of skip lesions in Crohn's disease.

Skip lesions are an enigmatic spatial feature characterizing Crohn's disease (CD). They comprise inflamed and adjacent non-inflamed tissue sections with a clear demarcation. Currently, spatial features of the human gastrointestinal (GI) system lack clarity regarding the organization of microbes, mucus, tissue, and host cells during inflammation.

Microbiome and infectious disease: diagnostics to therapeutics.

Over 300 years of research on the microbial world has revealed their importance in human health and disease. This review explores the impact and potential of microbial-based detection methods and therapeutic interventions, integrating research of early microbiologists, current findings, and future perspectives.

Detection and population genomics of sea turtle species via noninvasive environmental DNA analysis of nesting beach sand tracks and oceanic water.

Elusive aquatic wildlife, such as endangered sea turtles, are difficult to monitor and conserve. As novel molecular and genetic technologies develop, it is possible to adapt and optimize them for wildlife conservation. One such technology is environmental (e)DNA - the detection of DNA shed from organisms into their surrounding environments.

Mechanical support for isolated right ventricular failure in patients after cardiotomy.

Background: Patients with acute right ventricular (RV) failure after cardiotomy have a poor prognosis. We evaluated the surgical and long-term outcomes of patients with isolated RV failure that required right ventricular assist device (RVAD) support.

Methods: Between 1991 and 2002, a total of 30 patients received RVAD support for isolated RV dysfunction.

Does functional mitral regurgitation improve with isolated aortic valve replacement?

Background: The surgical treatment of mitral valve regurgitation (MR) at the time of aortic valve replacement (AVR) remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the change in severity of MR following isolated AVR, and to determine survival benefit.

Methods: Between 1991 and 2001, 250 patients underwent isolated AVR; 196 patients had concomitant functional MR.

Assessment of speed of human locomotion using a differential satellite global positioning system.

Purpose: The objective was to explore whether a satellite-based navigation system, global positioning system used in differential mode (DGPS), could accurately assess the speed of running in humans.

Methods: A subject was equipped with a portable GPS receptor coupled to a receiver for differential corrections, while running outdoors on a straight asphalt road at 27 different speeds. Actual speed (reference method) was assessed by chronometry.

The prediction of speed and incline in outdoor running in humans using accelerometry.

Purpose: To explore whether triaxial accelerometric measurements can be utilized to accurately assess speed and incline of running in free-living conditions.

Methods: Body accelerations during running were recorded at the lower back and at the heel by a portable data logger in 20 human subjects, 10 men, and 10 women. After parameterizing body accelerations, two neural networks were designed to recognize each running pattern and calculate speed and incline.