Chronic almond nut snacking alleviates perceived muscle soreness following downhill running but does not improve indices of cardiometabolic health in mildly overweight, middle-aged, adults.

Introduction: As a popular food snack rich in protein, fiber, unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants and phytonutrients, almond nut consumption is widely associated with improvements in cardiometabolic health. However, limited data exists regarding the role of almond consumption in improving exercise recovery. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the impact of chronic almond snacking on muscle damage and cardiometabolic health outcomes during acute eccentric exercise recovery in mildly overweight, middle-aged, adults.

Probiotics and synbiotics in chronic constipation in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background & Aims: Probiotics and synbiotics have been increasingly investigated for the management of chronic constipation. We aimed to investigate the effect of probiotics and synbiotics on stool output, gut transit time, symptoms and quality of life in adults with chronic constipation via a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: Studies were identified using electronic databases, backward citation and hand-searching abstracts.

Content Validity Index and Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability of a New Muscle Strength/Endurance Test Battery for Swedish Soldiers.

The objective of this study was to examine the content validity of commonly used muscle performance tests in military personnel and to investigate the reliability of a proposed test battery. For the content validity investigation, thirty selected tests were those described in the literature and/or commonly used in the Nordic and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries. Nine selected experts rated, on a four-point Likert scale, the relevance of these tests in relation to five different work tasks: lifting, carrying equipment on the body or in the hands, climbing, and digging.

Tile drain losses of nitrogen and phosphorus from fields under integrated and organic crop rotations. A four-year study on a clay soil in southwest Sweden.

In order to explore the influence of site-specific soil properties on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) losses between individual fields and crop sequences, 16 drained fields with clay soils were investigated in a four-year study. Mean total N (TN) loss was 6.6-11.

Estimating the exposure and fatal crash rates of suspended/revoked and unlicensed drivers in California.

There have been a number of studies conducted during the past three decades which show that most suspended/revoked (S/R) drivers violate their license action and continue to drive during their period of disqualification. Traffic safety researchers also suspect that S/R drivers are overinvolved in traffic crashes, but this is difficult to demonstrate because of the lack of good data on their prevalence among all road users. This paper applies the quasi-induced exposure method to fatal crash data obtained from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's Fatal Accident Reporting System, to generate exposure and crash rate estimates for S/R drivers in California.

Psychometric and biographical correlates of drunk-driving recidivism and treatment program compliance.

The primary objective of this study was to assess the extent to which drunk-driving (DUI) recidivism and DUI treatment program compliance could be predicted from psychometric, biographical, drinking history and prior-driving-record variables. These analyses were performed on data from 7,316 DUI offenders initially collected in Sacramento County, California, from September 1977 through January 1981. For most analyses, the recidivism measure was a composite of major convictions (DUI, reckless, hit-and-run), nighttime (6 PM-6 AM) and alcohol-related accidents during the 4-year interval following treatment assignment.

Blunt basal head trauma: rupture of posterior inferior cerebellar artery.

Two cases are reported of rupture of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) from blunt basal head trauma. The anatomy at the site of rupture is discussed as a prerequisite for rupture. The rapid fatal course is also discussed.

Blunt basal head trauma: aspects of unconsciousness.

Two cases of street violence directed to the skull base level and transverse to the cervical axis are described. No skeletal damage. The violence resulted in the so-called "traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage", an often used, unspecified forensic "diagnosis"; it was here revealed to be due to rupture of the wall of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (p.

Membrane lipids in the aging human brain.

The membrane lipid composition of human brain has been studied in 21 men and 18 women 60-97 years of age. This brain tissue series is unique, because it has been obtained only from individuals who lived a normal social life in their own homes and died suddenly and unexpectedly from arteriosclerotic heart disease or ruptured aortic aneurysms. They had no history of neurological or psychiatric disease.

Aspects on pathology and neuropathology in head injury.

Some principal differences of the head injury materal available to clinicians, hospital pathologists and forensic pathologists are discussed with reference to the primary and secondary findings at focal and diffuse brain injury and intracranial injuries after trauma. The importance of cooperative understanding between the different disciplines is stressed in order to cover the whole head injury pattern. Examples are given.

Quantity of tomographic blurring.

A spiral tomographic movement gives rise to a lower quantity of blurring than does a circular movement with the same tomographic angle since in the former the focus comes nearer to the central point. It has been demonstrated that the transfer function may be used to express the quantity of blurring for different tomographic movements. For the sake of convenience the blurring quantity for every type of spiral movement may be expressed in terms of the tomographic angle of a circular movement giving rise to the same transfer function.

Medichrome film as an alternative to silver-free recording systems.

A shortage of silver is forcing film manufacturers to lower the silver content of radiographic films. No further lowering seems possible without film quality being adversely affected. Various ways to solve the silver problem in the future are discussed and colour radiography is regarded as one solution since it makes possible a high degree of immediate recovery of silver.

Xerographic tomography.

Tomographic depiction using Xerox plates was compared with that of screen film tomography. The Xerox plates entail much higher demands as to the quality of tomographic blurring than screen film combinations. Circular or hypocycloid movements give rise to errors of depiction which are more disturbing in xerographic tomography due to the fact that the screen film combination has such properties as to be unable to record certain spurious signals present in the radiation relief, which appear in the higher-precision recording of the Xerox plates.