Association between colorectal cancer susceptibility loci and survival time after diagnosis with colorectal cancer.

Genome-wide association studies have identified 16 germline single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. We examined the relationship between these SNPs and survival of 2611 individuals with CRC, enrolled in 5 cohort studies. We used Cox regression analysis to associate SNPs with overall and CRC-specific survival times.

Thiamin pyrimidine biosynthesis in Candida albicans : a remarkable reaction between histidine and pyridoxal phosphate.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , thiamin pyrimidine is formed from histidine and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP). The origin of all of the pyrimidine atoms has been previously determined using labeling studies and suggests that the pyrimidine is formed using remarkable chemistry that is without chemical or biochemical precedent. Here we report the overexpression of the closely related Candida albicans pyrimidine synthase (THI5p) and the reconstitution and preliminary characterization of the enzymatic activity.

Identification of a novel percent mammographic density locus at 12q24.

Percent mammographic density adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI) is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer and has a heritable component that remains largely unidentified. We performed a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) of percent mammographic density to identify novel genetic loci associated with this trait. In stage 1, we combined three GWASs of percent density comprised of 1241 women from studies at the Mayo Clinic and identified the top 48 loci (99 single nucleotide polymorphisms).

Does route of delivery affect maternal and perinatal outcome in women with eclampsia? A randomized controlled pilot study.

Objective: The route of delivery in eclampsia is controversial. We hypothesized that adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes may not be improved by early cesarean delivery.

Study Design: This was a randomized controlled exploratory trial carried out in a rural teaching institution.

β-Adrenergic modulation of spontaneous spatiotemporal activity patterns and synchrony in hyperexcitable hippocampal circuits.

A description of healthy and pathological brain dynamics requires an understanding of spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity and characteristics of its propagation between interconnected circuits. However, the structure and modulation of the neural activation maps underlying these patterns and their propagation remain elusive. We investigated effects of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation on the spatiotemporal characteristics of emergent activity in rat hippocampal circuits.

A molecular approach to identification and profiling of first-line-drug-resistant mycobacteria from sputum of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Conventional and molecular techniques were applied to detect and characterize drug resistance of mycobacteria in the sputum samples of clinically confirmed tuberculosis. The sensitivities of mycobacterium detection by ZN staining, culture, multiplex PCR, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were 27.7%, 19.

Characterization of gene-environment interactions for colorectal cancer susceptibility loci.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than a dozen loci associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Here, we examined potential effect-modification between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at 10 of these loci and probable or established environmental risk factors for CRC in 7,016 CRC cases and 9,723 controls from nine cohort and case-control studies. We used meta-analysis of an efficient empirical-Bayes estimator to detect potential multiplicative interactions between each of the SNPs [rs16892766 at 8q23.

Methyl pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine-3-carboxyl-ate.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(9)H(7)N(3)O(2), is composed of two independent mol-ecules. The crystal structure is stabilized by C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network. The crystal structure also features pyrazine-pyrazine π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.

N-Butyl-4,6-diphenyl-pyrimidin-2-amine.

In the title compound, C(20)H(21)N(3), the pyrimidine ring is inclined at dihedral angles of 51.57 (4) and 2.49 (4)° to the two phenyl rings.

N-Benzyl-4-methyl-6-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-amine.

In the title compound, C(18)H(17)N(3), the dihedral angles between the central pyrimidine ring and its directly-bonded and N-bonded pendant phenyl rings are 25.48 (6) and 80.33 (6)°, respectively.

Stress and its risk factors in medical students: an observational study from a medical college in India.

Objectives: Stress in medical students is well established. It may affect academic performance and lead to anxiety, depression, substance abuse, and burnouts. There is limited data on stress in Indian medical students.

Ethyl 7-pivaloyl-amino-1,8-naphthyridine-2-carboxyl-ate sesquihydrate.

In the title hydrate, C(16)H(19)N(3)O(3)·1.5H(2)O, both water mol-ecules are disordered: one over two adjacent sites in a 0.498 (5):0.

Comparison of Murraya koenigii- and Tribulus terrestris-based oral formulation versus tamsulosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men aged >50 years: a double-blind, double-dummy, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Drug treatment can defer surgical intervention in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common disorder in elderly men, and is widely practiced. Various herbal formulations have been used for the treatment of BPH, but few have been compared with established modern medicines in head-to-head clinical trials.

Objective: We compared the effectiveness and tolerability of an oral formulation, comprising standardized extracts of Murraya koenigii and Tribulus terrestris leaves being marketed in India under Ayurvedic license, versus tamsulosin in the treatment of symptomatic BPH.

Reduction in spinal-induced hypotension with ondansetron in parturients undergoing caesarean section: a double-blind randomised, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Subarachnoid block is the preferred method of anaesthesia for caesarean section, but is associated with hypotension and bradycardia, which may be deleterious to both parturient and baby. Animal studies suggest that in the presence of decreased blood volume, 5-HT may be an important factor inducing the Bezold Jarisch reflex via 5-HT3 receptors located in intracardiac vagal nerve endings. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ondansetron, as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on the haemodynamic response following subarachnoid block in parturients undergoing elective caesarean section.

Discovery of safe and orally effective 4-aminoquinaldine analogues as apoptotic inducers with activity against experimental visceral leishmaniasis.

Novel antileishmanials are urgently required to overcome emergence of drug resistance, cytotoxic effects, and difficulties in oral delivery. Toward this, we investigated a series of novel 4-aminoquinaldine derivatives, a new class of molecules, as potential antileishmanials. 4-Aminoquinaldine derivatives presented inhibitory effects on L.

Multidimensional treatment of stochastic solvent dynamics in photoinduced proton-coupled electron transfer processes: sequential, concerted, and complex branching mechanisms.

A theoretical approach for the multidimensional treatment of photoinduced proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) processes in solution is presented. This methodology is based on the multistate continuum theory with an arbitrary number of diabatic electronic states representing the relevant charge distributions in a general PCET system. The active electrons and transferring proton(s) are treated quantum mechanically, and the electron-proton vibronic free energy surfaces are represented as functions of multiple scalar solvent coordinates corresponding to the single electron and proton transfer reactions involved in the PCET process.

Early and delayed fatality of stroke in Kolkata, India: results from a 7-year longitudinal population-based study.

There is no previously published well-designed study on long-term outcome of stroke from India. The present study has examined the case fatality rate and survival pattern in patients with stroke in a stratified, randomly selected sample from a large Indian metropolitan area. This prospective study was conducted over 7 years (March 2003 to February 2010) using a validated questionnaire administered by a field team and headed by a neurologist.

Genome-wide association study of circulating retinol levels.

Retinol is one of the most biologically active forms of vitamin A and is hypothesized to influence a wide range of human diseases including asthma, cardiovascular disease, infectious diseases and cancer. We conducted a genome-wide association study of 5006 Caucasian individuals drawn from two cohorts of men: the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. We identified two independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with circulating retinol levels, which are located near the transthyretin (TTR) and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) genes which encode major carrier proteins of retinol: rs1667255 (P =2.

Traditional breast cancer risk factors in relation to molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

At least four major categories of invasive breast cancer have been reproducibly identified by gene expression profiling: luminal A, luminal B, HER2-type, and basal-like. These subtypes have been shown to differ in their outcome and response to treatment. Whether this heterogeneity reflects the evolution of these subtypes through distinct etiologic pathways has not been clearly defined.

Meta-analysis of new genome-wide association studies of colorectal cancer risk.

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in developed countries. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified novel susceptibility loci for colorectal cancer. To follow up on these findings, and try to identify novel colorectal cancer susceptibility loci, we present results for GWAS of colorectal cancer (2,906 cases, 3,416 controls) that have not previously published main associations.

Genome-wide association study identifies common variants associated with circulating vitamin E levels.

In genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of common genetic variants associated with circulating alpha- and gamma-tocopherol concentrations in two adult cohorts comprising 5006 men of European descent, we observed three loci associated with alpha-tocopherol levels, two novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2108622 on 19pter-p13.11 (P= 1.7 × 10(-8)) and rs11057830 on 12q24.

Overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer in vitro and in vivo by a quinoline derivative.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by the over expression of drug efflux protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the major impediments to successful treatment of cancer. P-gp acts as an energy-dependent drug efflux pump and reduces the intracellular concentration of structurally unrelated drugs inside the cells. Therefore, there is an urgent need for development of new compound that are less toxic and effective against drug resistance in cancer.

A randomized controlled trial of oral zinc in acute pneumonia in children aged between 2 months to 5 years.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of zinc supplementation as adjuvant in treatment of pneumonia.

Methods: Ninety-eight children with acute bacterial pneumonia, aged between 2 months to 5 years, were studied in a randomized controlled single blind design. They received either zinc supplementation, as zinc acetate syrup, or placebo, as vitamin B-complex syrup, for 14 days, concomitantly with antimicrobial treatment (49 per group).

Photoelectron imaging spectroscopy and theoretical investigation of ZrSi.

The photoelectron spectrum of ZrSi(-) has been measured at two different photon energies: 2.33 eV and 3.49 eV, providing electron binding energy and photoelectron angular distribution information.

Normative data of cervical length in singleton pregnancy in women attending a tertiary care hospital in eastern India.

Background & Objectives: The length of cervix predicts the risk of preterm delivery. The objective of this study was to assess cervical length in pregnancy by transvaginal ultrasonography for generating normative data for nulliparous women at no special risk of preterm labour.

Methods: An observational study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital in eastern India in nulliparous women who delivered at term.