TiO-Catalyzed Direct Diazenylation of Active Methylene Compounds with Diazonium Salts.

Herein, we report a direct diazenylation of active methylene compounds that is environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and scalable, utilizing a heterogeneous TiO catalyst that is both accessible and recyclable. The scope of this transformation shows excellent compatibility with both electron-rich and electron-poor diazonium salts, yielding the desired products in very good yields at room temperature.

Polymicrobial methicillin-resistant bloodstream infections.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) bloodstream infection (BSI) is a serious public health concern. At times, MRSA is isolated from the blood along with other pathogens, the significance and consequences of which are not well described. This study aims to outline the clinical characteristics and outcomes of those with polymicrobial MRSA BSI compared with those with monomicrobial MRSA BSI.

Elucidation of Degradation Behavior of Barbiturates in Artificial Gastric Juice: Study on Degradability of Drugs in Stomach (V).

The gastric stability of eight barbiturates (BARs) (barbital, primidone, allobarbital, phenobarbital, cyclobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital, and thiobutabarbital (TBB)) was examined in artificial gastric juice using LC/UV detection. Among the eight BARs, only TBB was degraded at higher temperatures. Furthermore, the degradation product of TBB was isolated, structurally analyzed, and finally identified as 5-butan-2-yl-5-ethyl-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione, also known as butabarbital.

A novel monoclonal antibody generated by immunization with granular tau oligomers binds to tau aggregates at 423-430 amino acid sequence.

Prior to the formation of amyloid fibrils, the pathological hallmark in tau-related neurodegenerative disease, tau monomers aggregate into a diverse range of oligomers. Granular tau oligomers, consisting of approximately 40 tau protein molecules, are present in the prefrontal cortex of patients at Braak stages I-II, preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Antibodies to granular tau oligomers as antigens have not been reported.

Effects of intensity, frequency, and time window of exercise on sleep quality among community-dwelling adults aged 65-86 years.

Background: Although the effects of exercise training (ET) on sleep problem have been reported, the effects according to the components of exercise, including intensity, frequency, and time window, are unknown. Thus, in this study, we aimed to assess the effects of ET on sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults with sleep problems.

Methods: We evaluated individuals aged ≥65 years whose Pittsburgh sleep quality index was >5 points at baseline.

Effect of microgravity on mammalian embryo development evaluated at the International Space Station.

Mammalian embryos differentiate into the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm at the 8-16 cell stage. The ICM forms a single cluster that develops into a single fetus. However, the factors that determine differentiation and single cluster formation are unknown.

Real-world safety and effectiveness of mepolizumab for patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis in Japan: A 48-week interim analysis of the MARS study.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to assess real-world, long-term safety/effectiveness of mepolizumab for eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) in Japan.

Methods: The Mepolizumab long-term study to Assess Real-world Safety and effectiveness of EGPA in Japan (MARS) (GSK ID: 213684/NCT04551989) is an ongoing 96-week study of patients with EGPA who received four-weekly mepolizumab 300 mg subcutaneously for ≥96 weeks before study entry (baseline) and continued treatment. This interim analysis included safety from baseline to Week 48 (observation period) and clinical outcomes before mepolizumab and during the observation period.

Soli-enabled noncontact heart rate detection for sleep and meditation tracking.

Heart rate (HR) is a crucial physiological signal that can be used to monitor health and fitness. Traditional methods for measuring HR require wearable devices, which can be inconvenient or uncomfortable, especially during sleep and meditation. Noncontact HR detection methods employing microwave radar can be a promising alternative.

Identification of Chemicals That Abrogate Folate-Dependent Inhibition of Starch Accumulation in Non-Photosynthetic Plastids of Arabidopsis.

Folate, also known as vitamin B9, is an essential cofactor for a variety of enzymes and plays a crucial role in many biological processes. We previously reported that plastidial folate prevents starch biosynthesis triggered by the influx of sugar into non-starch-accumulating plastids, such as etioplasts, and chloroplasts under darkness; hence the loss of plastidial folate induces the accumulation of starch in plastids. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we screened our in-house chemical library and searched their derivatives to identify chemicals capable of inducing starch accumulation in etioplasts.

Transitions in vascular ultrasonography findings of temporal arteritis in a GCA case with progressive temporal headache and visual impairment.

The European League Against Rheumatism and the American College of Rheumatology have stated that the halo sign on vascular ultrasonography (v-US) is relevant in diagnosing giant cell arteritis (GCA) and is equivalent to temporal artery biopsy. However, there are only a few reports about transitions in v-US findings after glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. We report the transitions in the v-US findings in a case of GCA after GC therapy.

Palliative care unit treatment and care for a terminal breast cancer patient with untreated obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Objectives: Although palliative care units treat patients with various comorbidities, there are no reports of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Methods: The treatment and care of a breast cancer patient with OCD are presented.

Results: A woman in her 40s was admitted to the palliative care unit for terminal breast cancer.

A redox-active inorganic crown ether based on a polyoxometalate capsule.

Cation-uptake has been long researched as an important topic in materials science. Herein we focus on a molecular crystal composed of a charge-neutral polyoxometalate (POM) capsule [MoFeO(HO)(CHCO)] encapsulating a Keggin-type phosphododecamolybdate anion [α-PMoO]. Cation-coupled electron-transfer reaction occurs by treating the molecular crystal in an aqueous solution containing CsCl and ascorbic acid as a reducing reagent.

Cationic Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclohydroformylation of 1,6-Enynes with Formaldehyde.

We report a rhodium(I)-catalyzed asymmetric cyclohydroformylation reaction of 1,6-enynes with formaldehyde. The reaction of 1,6-enynes with formaldehyde in the presence of a cationic Rh(I) catalyst, such as [Rh(cod) ] OTf , and a chiral biaryl diphosphine led to asymmetric cyclohydroformylation to produce aldehydes with higher-order structures highly enantioselectively. This transformation procedure is applicable to a variety of enynes, with wide compatibility in various atoms liking between the alkyne and alkene parts, substituents at the alkyne terminus, and substituents at the alkene part, being converted to newly formed aldehydes in 14% to 90% yields with 50% to 98% ee.

Effect of high-intensity interval walking on microvascular endothelial function among community-dwelling older people.

Aim: To investigate the effects of high-intensity interval exercise training on microvascular endothelial function among community-dwelling older people.

Methods: We analyzed the data from a nonrandomized controlled trial. This study's participants were 48 men (aged 75 ± 5 years; exercise training group, n = 24; control group, n = 24) and 83 women (aged 75 ± 4 years; exercise training group, n = 36; control group, n = 47).

Effects of interval-walking training on blood pressure in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.

Background: The hypotensive effects of high-intensity interval training have been reported; however, studies on older adults are few. This study aimed to examine whether interval-walking training (IWT), a home-based program of high-intensity interval training, reduces blood pressure (BP) levels when compared with a non-intervention group in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: An intervention study was conducted with 55 men (age, 75±5 years; IWT/control groups, N.

Development of a new device for manipulating frozen mouse 2-cell embryos on the International Space Station.

Whether mammalian embryos develop normally under microgravity remains to be determined. However, embryos are too small to be handled by inexperienced astronauts who orbit Earth on the International Space Station (ISS). Here we describe the development of a new device that allows astronauts to thaw and culture frozen mouse 2-cell embryos on the ISS without directly contacting the embryos.

Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumor presenting with small intestinal obstruction: A case report.

Malignant gastrointestinal neuroectodermal tumors (GNETs) are rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasms. To our knowledge, only 99 cases have been reported worldwide. The tumor has an aggressive malignancy, with a rapid progression.

Synthesis and Aerobic Oxidation Catalysis of Mesoporous Todorokite-Type Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles by Crystallization of Precursors.

The pursuit of a high surface area while maintaining high catalytic performance remains a challenge due to a trade-off relationship between these two features in some cases. In this study, mesoporous todorokite-type manganese oxide (OMS-1) nanoparticles with high specific surface areas were synthesized in one step by a new synthesis approach involving crystallization (i.e.