Confidentiality and Privacy for Smartphone Applications in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Unmet Needs and Practical Solutions.

This article summarizes the current literature on clinical knowledge and practical gaps regarding the confidentiality and privacy for smartphone and connected devices in child and adolescent psychiatry and offers practical solutions and consideration for the next steps for the field. Important issues to consider include disclosure of information sharing, access privilege, privacy and trust, risk and benefit analysis, and the need for standardization. Through understanding the privacy and confidentiality concerns regarding digital devices, child and adolescent psychiatrists can guide patients and parents though informed decision-making and also help shape how the field creates the next generation of these tools.

Hallucinogen Use Disorders.

Use of hallucinogenic substances as a public health concern has increased over the past decade. Among adolescents, there are increasing emergency department presentations for intoxication with these drugs, contrary to decreasing reported use of classical hallucinogens such as LSD. Academic and governmental groups have monitored use of hallucinogens, highlighting a notable change in perceptions about use among adolescents thought to contribute to these trends.

One surgeon's Army experience with "wound shock" from Pearl Harbor to the present.

The Army has had extensive experience in the study and treatment of shock, beginning with the American Civil War and continuing to the present. This is the story of one Army surgeon's experience, both in research and treatment of shock, from Pearl Harbor to the present.

A brief overview of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: The low pO: (2) in traumatic and septic shock was first documented at Walter Reed Army Medical Center starting in 1960. It was postulated that this respiratory failure was due to the occlusion of the pulmonary microcirculation by the microclots of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Materials And Methods: Animal studies showed that pulmonary failure and death could be caused by intravenous injection of a killed culture of either Escherichia coli or pneumococcal organisms or by severe muscle contusion.

Traumatic shock.

The association of shock with trauma has long been recognized. There are three types of shock, i.e.

Time for a price check?

General acute care hospitals often are losing out to niche providers. By focusing commercial payment on proprietary and commodity services and away from noncore services, these hospitals can help guard against the competitive threat. Transitioning to the price shifting model requires distinct and careful actions.

Making the tough choices for cost control.

To prioritize cost savings, providers can benefit from following a fundamental approach that involves using easily attainable small-scale initiatives (less than 50,000 dollars) to support larger-scale projects (typically over 250,000 dollars) that can realize improvements in six months. Increases in capital that result from these efforts can then be used to focus on equally important opportunities where the organization has less control, or payoff may take longer.

Wound shock: a history of its study and treatment by military surgeons.

The treatment of wounds has received considerable attention from the time of the Trojan War. However, it was not until the American Civil War that shock was described as an entity distinct from the wounds themselves and that efforts were directed at more than just treatment of the wound. The need for fluid resuscitation in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock was first recognized in the Spanish American War, as was the association of sepsis with shock.

Ten financial components of a successful hospital/system.

The author describes the main causes of many hospitals' and systems' bleak financial status and recommends 10 actions to help solve the problems.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation in sepsis.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has been considered a rather rare syndrome characterized by severe bleeding. In fact, both of these beliefs are wrong. Bleeding is fairly rare in DIC.

A shock toxin that produces disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure.

Objective: To introduce a new concept in the etiology and treatment of traumatic and septic shock. It describes 3 types of shock: (1) hypovolemic shock, (2) traumatic shock, and (3) septic shock.

Background: The mortality of septic shock in both total number and mortality rate has been increasing over the past 40 years despite major advances in diagnosis and treatment, including a number of "magic bullets.

Treatment of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: a final report on a phase I study.

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has a high mortality. Its only effective treatment is respiratory therapy. If this fails mortality is probably 100 per cent.

Traumatic shock alias posttrauma critical illness.

Trauma is the most common cause of death under the age of 45. Many trauma patients die of multiple organ failure, especially acute respiratory distress syndrome. The basic cause of traumatic shock has only partially been elucidated.

A review of septic shock.

The mortality of septic shock, both in percentage of septic shock cases and total number of septic shock cases, has been increasing over the past several decades. This is despite major advances in diagnosis and treatment. The basic cause of traumatic and septic shock has only partially been elucidated.

The etiology and treatment of traumatic and septic shock.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation can cause multiple organ failure including adult respiratory distress syndrome by obstruction of visceral microcirculation by microclots. It was reasoned that if a clot causes vascular obstruction, lysing the clot by a plasminogen activator would be of value.

Traumatic and septic shock alias post-trauma critical illness.

Background: The mortality associated with septic shock, both in percentage of septic shock cases and total number of septic shock cases, has been increasing over the past several decades. This is despite major advances in diagnosis and treatment. The basic cause of traumatic and septic shock has been only partially elucidated.

Effect of urokinase on disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Our study evaluated the possible therapeutic effect of urokinase in treating the microthrombiotic effects of disseminated intravascular coagulation by assisting the activation of endogenous plasminogen. Twenty-six pigs were anesthetized, intubated, mechanically ventilated, and surgically catheterized. Septic shock was induced in all 26 pigs by an intravenous infusion of heat-killed Escherichia coli.

The effect of heparinization on intra-abdominal infection and acute pulmonary failure.

Unlabelled: Acute severe purulent peritonitis is still a very life-threatening disease condition. The primary cause of death is multiple organ failure (MOF) where acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the initial trigger. Studies have shown that heparin has a cytoprotective effect and stimulates an increase in cardiopulmonary function systematically.

Comparison of bacterial translocation during traumatic shock and hemorrhagic shock in rats.

Unlabelled: Traumatic shock has been classified as a kind of hypovolemic shock similar to hemorrhagic shock. Since bacterial translocation has been observed in shock, this study investigated the difference in bacterial translocation during traumatic shock and hemorrhagic shock, and considered this effect on lung injury during sepsis.

Methods: Forty-eight male or female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups, hemorrhagic shock and traumatic shock.

A new approach to the treatment of experimental septic shock.

Previous work has shown that disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) may produce multiple organ failure, including adult respiratory distress syndrome, by obstruction of visceral micro circulation by microclots DIC can be produced by sepsis. This study tests the ability of a plasminogen activator to prevent death from an intravenous injection of killed Escherichia coli by causing lysis of the microclots. Subjects were two groups of 8 pigs each with body weight of 60-70 lbs.