Clinical and Electromyographic Characteristics of Pediatric Laryngeal Dyskinesia.

Objective: To report the clinical and laryngeal electromyographic (LEMG) parameters of children with laryngeal dyskinesia (LD) and its prevalence among laryngeal mobility disorder (LMD) requiring full airway examination.

Study Design: Retrospective uncontrolled study.

Setting: Tertiary pediatric center.

Formal Mentorship in Surgical Training: A Long-Term Prospective Interventional Study.

Objective: Surgical training programs have a high prevalence of trainee stress and burnout. Formal mentorship programs (FMP) have been shown to alleviate these factors and improve quality of life (QOL) in short-term follow-up. This study aims to determine the long-term effects of an FMP on the well-being of a single-center cohort of surgical trainees.

Consensus Between Radiologists, Specialists in Internal Medicine, and AI Software on Chest X-Rays in a Hospital-at-Home Service: Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Home hospitalization is a care modality growing in popularity worldwide. Telemedicine-driven hospital-at-home (HAH) services could replace traditional hospital departments for selected patients. Chest x-rays typically serve as a key diagnostic tool in such cases.

Prevention and Treatment of Cancer-Related Infections, Version 3.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

There is an increased risk of infection in patients with cancer that results in higher morbidity and mortality. Several risk factors can predispose these patients to infectious complications. Some such factors include immunocompromised states like neutropenia, allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and graft-versus-host disease, while others include immunosuppressive agents like corticosteroids, purine analogs, monoclonal antibodies, and other emerging cancer therapeutics like CAR T-cell therapy.

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Introduction: Vaginal delivery after caesarean section (VBAC) is recommended, but the rising rate of uterine rupture calls into question the safety of this practice.

Aim: To identify risk factors for uterine dehiscence and rupture.

Methods: This was a prospective, analytical and descriptive observational study, carried out in a tertiary care maternity.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Swallowing Dysfunction in Patients With Laryngomalacia Treated Medically and Surgically.

Objective: To identify the prevalence, pattern, and nature of swallowing dysfunction (SwD) in a consecutive cohort of patients with laryngomalacia (LM), and to determine factors associated with a higher burden of SwD.

Study Design: This was a retrospective review of consecutive patients diagnosed with LM by 2 pediatric otolaryngologists between 2013 and 2022 and a minimum of 3-month follow-up.

Setting: Tertiary care pediatric otolaryngology referral center.

Dysphagia is a strong predictor of revision supraglottoplasty in pediatric laryngomalacia.

Background: There is growing research on the association between swallowing dysfunction and laryngomalacia. Supraglottoplasty is the surgical intervention used to treat laryngomalacia, however a portion of patients who undergo this procedure will require a revision surgery. Predictive risk factors for revision supraglottoplasty in patients with laryngomalacia are not well understood, and previous studies failed to evaluate swallowing systematically.

Iatrogenic pediatric unilateral vocal cord paralysis after cardiac surgery: a review.

Unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP) is a growing area of research in pediatrics as it spans across many specialties including otolaryngology, cardiology, general surgery, respirology, and speech language pathology. Iatrogenic injury is the most common cause of UVCP, however there is a wide range of data reporting the prevalence, symptom burden, and best treatment practice for this condition. The literature included systematic reviews and meta-analyses, retrospective studies and limited prospective studies.

Building Frontline Capability for Shared Decision-Making (SDM) in a Major Academic Oncology Center Caring for People With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Performance Outcomes of a SDM Simulation Training Program.

Background: There is a growing body of evidence on shared decision-making (SDM) training programs worldwide. However, there is wide variation in program design, duration, effectiveness, and evaluation in both academia (ie, medical school) and the practice setting. SDM training has been slow to integrate in practice settings.

Peritoneal dialysis catheterization with an upward tunnel and exit site: An observational study.

Background: The preferred techniques for peritoneal dialysis catheterization are uncertain. Catheter implantation with formation of an inferiorly-directed tunnel and exit site is widely recommended to reduce the risk of infective complications. We aimed to compare percutaneous peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion using an upwardly-directed tract to catheter insertion using a downwardly-directed tract.

Crowdsourcing to increase hepatitis B and C testing and reduce hepatitis stigma among medical students in Bangladesh.

This study addresses the pervasive challenges of low hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) testing rates coupled with the stigma associated with these diseases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with a special focus on Bangladesh. This study aims to introduce an innovative crowdsourcing intervention that involves medical students, a crucial cohort with the potential to shape healthcare attitudes. Through a structured crowdsourcing approach, the study designs and implements a digital intervention to counter stigma and promote testing among medical students in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Traumatic uterine rupture: A rare complication of vehicle accidents.

The rupture of the gravid uterus is a rare complication of trauma. It is reported in less than one percent of pregnant women who are victims of road accidents. The authors report the case of a 26-year-old nulliparous patient presented with a uterine rupture resulting in fetal death at 32 weeks of gestation following a nonpenetrating abdominal trauma in a road traffic accident.

Digital Gamification Tools to Enhance Vaccine Uptake: Scoping Review.

Background: Gamification has been used successfully to promote various desired health behaviors. Previous studies have used gamification to achieve desired health behaviors or facilitate their learning about health.

Objective: In this scoping review, we aimed to describe digital gamified tools that have been implemented or evaluated across various populations to encourage vaccination, as well as any reported effects of identified tools.

The association between maternal body mass index and breast milk composition: a systematic review.

Context: Breast milk composition is influenced by many factors, ranging from maternal nutritional status to infant sex. Previous studies have explored the relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) and breast milk composition; however, the findings have been inconsistent and controversial.

Objective: To systematically review the evidence on the association of maternal weight and BMI with breast milk composition.

Employee investigation and contact tracing program in a pediatric cancer hospital to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 among the workforce, patients, and caregivers.

Background: Case investigations and contact tracing are essential disease control measures used by health departments. Early in the pandemic, they were seen as a key strategy to stop COVID-19 spread. The CDC urged rapid action to scale up and train a large workforce and collaborate across public and private agencies to halt COVID-19 transmission.

Navigating the Shadows of Others' Traumas: An In-Depth Examination of Secondary Traumatic Stress and Psychological Distress among Rescue Professionals.

Rescue workers, who often find themselves on the frontlines of traumatic events, face an increased risk of experiencing secondary traumatic stress (STS) and psychological distress (PD). The nature of their work, alongside professional factors, can influence the way these psychological aspects manifest and their level of severity. This study aimed to explore the relationship between STS and PD in rescue workers.

International pediatric otolaryngology group (IPOG) consensus on approach to aspiration.

Objective: To provide recommendations for a comprehensive management approach for infants and children presenting with symptoms or signs of aspiration.

Methods: Three rounds of surveys were sent to authors from 23 institutions worldwide. The threshold for the critical level of agreement among respondents was set at 80 %.

Determinants of parental vaccine hesitancy in Canada: results from the 2017 Childhood National Immunization Coverage Survey.

Background: In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated vaccine hesitancy as one of the ten leading threats to global health. Vaccine hesitancy exists when vaccination services are available and accessible, but vaccine uptake is lower than anticipated. It is often attributed to lack of trust in vaccine safety and effectiveness, or low level of concern about the risk of many vaccine-preventable diseases.