Improved extraction efficiency of radioactive copper produced via accelerator neutrons method through phosphate buffer-enhanced column pre-treatment.

We report a straightforward and robust method for isolating medical copper radioisotopes Cu and Cu, generated by an accelerator neutrons technique from Zn(n, x). This study reveals the key role of a phosphate buffer pre-treatment of the cation exchange column in the separation process. Incorporating the phosphate buffer into the column pre-treatment markedly enhances the retention of copper isotopes within the column throughout the separation procedure.

Outcome of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for acromegaly: Comparison of using and not using the floor standing pneumatic powered endoscope-holder system.

Introduction: Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery can be performed by two surgeons, including an endoscopist (PE/2S), and by a single surgeon with an endoscope-holder system (PE/1S + H). We analyzed the surgical outcome, and outcome predictors in acromegaly patients in endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery using floor standing pneumatic endoscope-holder system.

Methods: Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery was performed with PE/1S+H (n = 51) and PE/2S (n = 20).

Striatal Blood Flow Changes by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion and Its Effect on Neurological Deficits in Mice.

Objective: We attempted to record the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) simultaneously at various regions of the cerebral cortex and the striatum during middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and to evaluate neurological deficits and infarct formation.

Methods: In male C57BL/6J mice, CBF was recorded in three regions including the ipsilateral cerebral cortex and the striatum with laser Doppler flowmeters, and the origin of MCA was occluded with a monofilament suture for 15-90 min. After 48 h, neurological deficits were evaluated, and infarct was examined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining.

The quality of life outcome in patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer treated using chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: Organ preservation is a goal of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) treatment. chemoradiotherapy remains one of the main treatment options and is widely recognized as a method with organ-preserving potential and outcomes comparable to those of surgery. However, few studies have investigated the quality of life (QOL) of patients with HNSCC treated using chemoradiotherapy, therefore, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate how QOL changes pre and post-chemoradiotherapy.

Genotoxic effect of two environmentally safe doses of cadmium on the hepato-nephrocytic system of Bombus atratus forager workers.

Eusocial bees are declining due to anthropogenic actions. Individuals can be exposed to contaminants like Cd, which have been found in pollen. Thus, we evaluated the potential genotoxicity of Cd to the hepato-nephrocitic system of Bombus atratus foraging workers exposed to environmentally safe doses of Cd (0.

Mitochondrial complex I density is associated with IQ and cognition in cognitively healthy adults: an in vivo [F]BCPP-EF PET study.

Background: Mitochondrial function plays a key role in regulating neurotransmission and may contribute to general intelligence. Mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) is the largest enzyme of the respiratory chain. Recently, it has become possible to measure MC-I distribution in vivo, using a novel positron emission tomography tracer [F]BCPP-EF, thus, we set out to investigate the association between MC-I distribution and measures of cognitive function in the living healthy brain.

Long-lasting anti-despair and anti-anhedonia effects of (S)-norketamine in social isolation-reared mice.

Alternatives to ketamine without psychotomimetic properties for the treatment of depression have attracted much attention. Here, we examined the anti-despair and anti-anhedonia effects of the ketamine metabolites (S)-norketamine ((S)-NK), (R)-NK, (2S,6S)-hydroxynorketamine, and (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine in a mouse model of depression induced by social isolation. All ketamine metabolites examined had acute (30 min after administration) anti-despair-like effects in the forced swim test, but only (S)-NK showed a long-lasting (1 week) effect.

Production and synthesis of a novel Pt-labeled platinum complex and evaluation of its biodistribution in healthy mice.

We previously reported that our sugar-conjugated platinum complex (cis-dichloro [(2-fluoro-α-d-glucopylanosidyl) propane-1,3-diamine] platinum: FGC-Pt) has low toxicity and tumor growth inhibitory effect comparable to that of cisplatin. We focused on radioactive Pt isotopes in order to analyze the kinetics of FGC-Pt using gamma-ray imaging techniques, assuming that FGC-Pt could be used for chemotherapy in the future. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop a non-invasive method to analyze the biodistribution of FGC-Pt using Pt-labeled FGC-Pt ([Pt]FGC-Pt).

Group Surrogate Data Generating Models and similarity quantification of multivariate time-series: A resting-state fMRI study.

Advancements in non-invasive brain analysis through novel approaches such as big data analytics and in silico simulation are essential for explaining brain function and associated pathologies. In this study, we extend the vector auto-regressive surrogate technique from a single multivariate time-series to group data using a novel Group Surrogate Data Generating Model (GSDGM). This methodology allowed us to generate biologically plausible human brain dynamics representative of a large human resting-state (rs-fMRI) dataset obtained from the Human Connectome Project.

Bacterial diet affects the age-dependent decline of associative learning in .

The causality and mechanism of dietary effects on brain aging are still unclear due to the long time scales of aging. The nematode has contributed to aging research because of its short lifespan and easy genetic manipulation. When fed the standard laboratory diet, , experiences an age-dependent decline in temperature-food associative learning, called thermotaxis.

Multi-modal brain magnetic resonance imaging database covering marmosets with a wide age range.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that is useful for identifying normal developmental and aging processes and for data sharing. Marmosets have a relatively shorter life expectancy than other primates, including humans, because they grow and age faster. Therefore, the common marmoset model is effective in aging research.

Rapid survey of de novo mutations in naturally growing tree species following the March 2011 disaster in Fukushima: The effect of low-dose-rate radiation.

The impact of low-dose-rate radiation on genetics is largely unknown, particularly in natural environments. The Fukushima Dai-ich Nuclear Power Plant disaster resulted in the creation of contaminated natural lands. In this study, de novo mutations (DNMs) in germ line cells were surveyed from double-digest RADseq fragments in Japanese cedar and flowering cherry trees exposed to ambient dose rates ranging from 0.

Vibrational Study on the Structure, Bioactivity, and Silver Adsorption of Silk Fibroin Fibers Grafted with Methacrylonitrile.

Natural fibers have received increasing attention as starting materials for innovative applications in many research fields, from biomedicine to engineering. silk fibroin has become a material of choice in the development of many biomedical devices. Grafting represents a good strategy to improve the material properties according to the desired function.

A randomized, single-dose, crossover study of the effects of ulotaront on electrocardiogram intervals in subjects with schizophrenia.

This study (NCT04369391) evaluated the effects of ulotaront (SEP-363856), a novel trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist in development for schizophrenia, on electrocardiogram parameters. Study design was a randomized, single-dose, three-period crossover (ulotaront 150 mg, placebo, moxifloxacin 400 mg). Sixty subjects with schizophrenia completed all periods.

Comparative Bioequivalence of Tablet and Capsule Formulations of Ulotaront and the Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of the Tablet Form in Humans.

Introduction: Ulotaront (SEP-363856), a dual trace animeassociated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and 5-HT receptor agonist, is in phase 3 clinical development for the treatment of schizophrenia. This study evaluated the comparative bioequivalence (BE) between tablet and capsule formulations of ulotaront and the food effect (FE) on pharmacokinetics (PK) of tablet form in healthy adult human subjects.

Methods: The BE study applied an open-label two-period crossover design in 24 healthy volunteers.

Ensemble averaging for categorical variables: Validation study of imputing lost data in 24-h recorded postures of inpatients.

Acceleration sensors are widely used in consumer wearable devices and smartphones. Postures estimated from recorded accelerations are commonly used as features indicating the activities of patients in medical studies. However, recording for over 24 h is more likely to result in data losses than recording for a few hours, especially when consumer-grade wearable devices are used.

Time to Treatment Initiation for Six Cancer Types: An Analysis of Data from a Nationwide Registry in Japan.

Background: Delay in the time to treatment initiation (TTI) may adversely affect the survival of patients, but its current status in Japan is unknown. This study aims to describe the TTI for six cancer types: lung, breast, colorectal, stomach, head and neck (H&N), and cervical. Data for this study were derived from a nationwide registry in Japan.

Negative E-cadherin expression on bone marrow myeloma cell membranes is associated with extramedullary disease.

The loss of E-cadherin expression and the induction of N-cadherin are known as hallmarks of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, an essential initial step in the process of metastasis in solid tumors. Although several studies have reported expressions of these cadherins in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), their clinical significance is unknown as MM cells are non-epithelial. In this study, we examined the expression of E- and N-cadherins by immunohistochemistry using bone marrow (BM) biopsy specimens from 31 newly diagnosed MM patients and in subsequent biopsy specimens from six of these.

Targeted single-cell genomics reveals novel host adaptation strategies of the symbiotic bacteria Endozoicomonas in Acropora tenuis coral.

Background: Endozoicomonas bacteria symbiosis with various marine organisms is hypothesized as a potential indicator of health in corals. Although many amplicon analyses using 16S rRNA gene have suggested the diversity of Endozoicomonas species, genome analysis has been limited due to contamination of host-derived sequences and difficulties in culture and metagenomic analysis. Therefore, the evolutionary and functional potential of individual Endozoicomonas species symbiotic with the same coral species remains unresolved.

cGMP dynamics that underlies thermosensation in temperature-sensing neuron regulates thermotaxis behavior in C. elegans.

Living organisms including bacteria, plants and animals sense ambient temperature so that they can avoid noxious temperature or adapt to new environmental temperature. A nematode C. elegans can sense innocuous temperature, and navigate themselves towards memorize past cultivation temperature (Tc) of their preference.