Zero-echo time MRI: an alternative method for the diagnosis of urinary stones in children.

Objectives: To evaluate the potential of zero-echo time-magnetic resonance imaging (ZTE-MRI) in the assessment of urolithiasis and compare ZTE-MRI with computed tomography (CT) in pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: This was a single-center, prospective cross-sectional study conducted between April 2023 and December 2023. 23 patients (12 girls, 11 boys; mean age: 12.

Fish: A Promising Screening Tool for Malignancy After Augmentation Cystoplasty?

Introduction: Malignancy after augmentation cystoplasty (AC) is reported up to 5.5 %. We assessed the use of urine fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) screening for bladder malignancy after AC.

Factors affecting the postoperative quality of life and psychological well-being in pediatric urology patients.

Background: While most studies in pediatric urology investigate the clinical results, very few explore the relationship between surgery and quality of life and psychosocial well-being in pediatric urology practice. The determination of the effects of the surgical method on the quality of life (QoL) is of increasing importance.

Introduction: This study investigated the effect of surgery type on the postoperative QoL and psychological well-being of pediatric urological surgery patients.

Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in Children: Evolution, Current Status, and Future Trends.

Incidence of urolithiasis in children has increased in recent years and with technological advancements and miniaturization of surgical instruments, pediatric urologists have acquired an impressive arsenal for their treatment. Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) has gained widespread popularity as it is a natural extension of semirigid ureteroscopy and can be done through natural orifice minimizing the morbidity of percutaneous access. The aim of this narrative review is to describe how RIRS has evolved over the decades in children and if the age-related anatomical difference impacts reported outcomes especially stone-free rate (SFR) and complications.

Autoaugmentation: A Feasible Option before Ileal Augmentation in Selected Cases.

Purpose:  To evaluate the long-term outcomes of autoaugmentation (AA) in pediatric population.

Materials And Methods:  The data of 59 patients (32 females and 27 males) who underwent AA between 1993 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. During postoperative follow-up, deterioration on renal scan and/or nonimproved hydronephrosis (HN) were described as upper urinary tract (UUT) impairment.

Feminizing Adrenocortical Tumors as a Rare Etiology of Isosexual/Contrasexual Pseudopuberty.

Objective: Estrogen-secreting adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) are quite rare with feminizing adrenocortical tumors (FATs) accounting for 0.37-2% of all ACTs. The aim was to evaluate clinical and hormonal characteristics of FATS as well as treatment options and follow-up in the pediatric age group.

Factors associated with the stone-free status after retrograde intrarenal surgery in children.

Introduction: Paediatric urolithiasis has a recurrent nature because it is frequently associated with metabolic or anatomical disorders or infectious conditions. The rising incidence of the disease with its recurrent nature emphasises the need for minimally invasive therapeutic options. In this study, we aimed to evaluate efficacy and factors affecting the success of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) in children.

European Association of Urology and European Society for Paediatric Urology Guidelines on Paediatric Urinary Stone Disease.

Context: Paediatric stone disease is an important clinically entity and management is often challenging. Although it is known that the condition is endemic in some geographic regions of the world, the global incidence is also increasing. Patient age and sex; the number, size, location, and composition of the stone; and the anatomy of the urinary tract are factors that need to be taken into consideration when choosing a treatment modality.

Clinical practice in vesicoureteral reflux with respect to EAU guidelines: A multicenter study.

Purpose: We designed a multicenter, retrospective study to investigate the current trends in initial management of reflux with respect to European Association of Urology (EAU) Guidelines in Urology clinics of our country.

Materials And Methods: The study group consisted of 1988 renal units (RU) of 1345 patients treated surgically due to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) (between years 2003 and 2017) in nine different institutions. Patients were divided into two groups according to time of initial treatment and also grouped according to risk factors by "EAU guidelines on VUR.

Changes in percutaneous approach to kidney stones in children: A single institute experience over 500 cases.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the changes in patient age and stone sizes with technological advancement over time.

Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively with 404 patients (504 renal units) who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) between January 1997 and June 2020. Patient characteristics and trends on instrument preferences were investigated.

Are there any benefits of using an inlay graft in the treatment of primary hypospadias in children? A systematic review and metanalysis.

Introduction: Dorsal inlay graft urethroplasty (DIGU) has been described as an effective method for hypospadias repair with the proposed advantage of reducing the risk of complications. We aimed to systematically assess whether DIGU has any additional advantages over standard tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) repair in children with primary hypospadias.

Materials And Methods: This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement.

Comparison of Efficiency and Safety of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery and Micropercutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Pediatric Kidney Stones Smaller than 2 cm: A Prospective Cohort Study.

To compare the safety and efficacy of two minimally invasive surgical techniques used for pediatric stone disease: retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and micropercutaneous nephrolithotomy (micro-PCNL). A prospective study was designed to include children aged <15 years with a single stone <20 mm. Sixty-four patients were assigned to undergo either an RIRS or a micro-PCNL (1:1 ratio).

An Important Risk Factor Affecting Hypercalciuria in Children: Vesicoureteral Reflux.

Introduction:  A large number of genes and environmental factors, like dietary habits, play a role in the development of hypercalciuria in children. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of the presence and grade of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on hypercalciuria status in children.

Materials And Methods:  Data for 165 patients who admitted to the Pediatric Urology Department were retrospectively analyzed.

Outcomes of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Preschool Age Group: A Single-Center Study.

To determine the factors affecting the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in patients in infantile/toddler and preschool age group. The data of 186 renal units from 152 patients who underwent PCNL were retrospectively analyzed. Patients under ≤72 months of age were included in the study.

A single center's experience in pediatric cystine stone disease management: what changed over time?

The authors aimed to evaluate the factors affecting clinical outcomes of cystine stone disease in children and to understand the change in disease management over time. Between January 1991 and September 2017, the demographic and clinical data of pediatric patients with documented cystine stone disease were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with at least 12-month follow-up were included.

Our experience on management of failed pediatric pyeloplasty.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the outcomes of salvage procedures after failed pediatric pyeloplasty. Recurrent ureteropelvic junction obstruction treatment is a difficult course. The salvage surgery is more challenging in the pediatric population.

EAU-ESPU guidelines recommendations for daytime lower urinary tract conditions in children.

The objective is to review the literature related to lower urinary tract (LUT) conditions in children to conceptualize general practice guidelines for the general practitioner, pediatrician, pediatric urologist, and urologist. PubMed was searched for the last 15-year literature by the committee. All articles in peer-review journal-related LUT conditions (343) have been retrieved and 76 have been reviewed extensively.

Clinical and surgical consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for patients with pediatric urological problems: Statement of the EAU guidelines panel for paediatric urology, March 30 2020.

The COVID-19-pandemic forces hospitals to reorganize into a dual patient flow system. Healthcare professionals are forced to make decisions in patient prioritization throughout specialties. Most pediatric urology pathologies do not require immediate or urgent care, however, delay may compromise future renal function or fertility.

Shockwave lithotripsy for kidney stones as a first-line therapy in children younger than 2 years.

Background: The incidence of urolithiasis in children has risen worldwide over the last decades with geographical varieties. As pediatric patients begin forming stones earlier in life, they have high risk of recurrence. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is a non-invasive treatment modality that is preferred in the management of pediatric stones.

Practical recommendations of the EAU-ESPU guidelines committee for monosymptomatic enuresis-Bedwetting.

Background And Aims: The objective of this update of the EAU-ESPU guidelines recommendations for nocturnal enuresis was to review the recent published literature of studies, reviews, guidelines regarding the etiology, diagnosis and treatment options of nocturnal enuresis and transform the information into a practical recommendation strategy for the general practitioner, pediatrician, pediatric urologist and urologist.

Material And Methods: Since 2012 a monthly literature search using Scopus® was performed and the relevant literature was reviewed and prospectively registered on the European Urology bedwetting enuresis resource center (http://bedwetting.europeanurology.

Sonographic diagnosis of large-cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor.

Large-cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor is a very rare neoplasm of the testis with less than 100 reported cases. It is associated with some genetic syndromes, and it has some features that help to distinguish benign and malign cases. An 11-year-old boy presented with testicular lesions in both testicles.

Anteroposterior Duplicated Exstrophy: A Case Report.

Duplicated bladder exstrophy is an extremely rare variant of the exstrophy/epispadias complex. Duplicated exstrophy defines an exstrophic mucosal plate in hypogastric area with a normal closed bladder. We present a unique case of an anteroposterior duplicated exstrophy in a female newborn.

Can we predict vesicoureteral reflux resolution in patients with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction?

Objective: To analyze factors influencing reflux resolution in patients with the coexistence of non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction and vesicoureteral reflux.

Methods: The data of 153 children who were diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux and accompanying non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with neurogenic and anatomical malformations, monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis, previous history of vesicoureteral reflux surgery, irregular and/or incomplete follow-up data were excluded.

Predictors of Recurrence and Complications in Pediatric Pyeloplasty.

Objective: To assess the predictors of recurrence and complications, we retrospectively analyzed our experience in primary pediatric pyeloplasty. Management of pyeloplasty failure is challenging both for patients and for surgeons, especially in pediatric cases. Early detection of recurrence and early manipulation may help preserving renal function.