Medium-Sized Rotator Cuff Tears Repaired With Transosseous-Equivalent Technique Plus Bone Marrow Stimulation Yielded Similar Short-Term Outcomes Regardless of Whether Complete or Incomplete Footprint Coverage Was Achieved.

Purpose: To compare clinical outcomes and retear rates of medium-sized rotator cuff tears repaired with incomplete footprint coverage using the transosseous-equivalent technique versus those with complete footprint coverage plus bone marrow stimulation.

Methods: The retrospective study, conducted from March 2019 to December 2021, included consecutive patients with medium-sized (1-3 cm) posterosuperior rotator cuff tears repaired using the transosseous-equivalent technique and bone marrow stimulation, with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the degree of footprint coverage achieved: group C (complete coverage) and group I (incomplete coverage).

A Review of Contact Lens Regulations in the Asia Pacific Region.

The increased usage of nonrefractive cosmetic contact lenses in Asia and a trend toward increased online purchasing of both refractive and cosmetic contact lenses poses unique challenges in the management of contact lens-related complications. However, regulations have lagged behind this increased uptake in the community. This paper reviews regulations surrounding the manufacturing, import, and distribution of contact lenses in the Asia Pacific region and compares them with international regulations from the European Union and United States.

Arthroscopic Partial Repair of Large to Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Shows Clinical Outcomes and Survivorship at Minimum 10-Year Follow-Up Comparable to Those of Arthroscopic Complete Repair.

Purpose: To compare the survival rate (revision surgery) and clinical and radiologic outcomes of arthroscopic partial versus complete repair for large to massive rotator cuff tears over a minimum 10-year follow-up period.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent arthroscopic partial or complete repair of large to massive rotator cuff tears between 2008 and 2013, with minimum 10-year follow-up. Functional outcomes were measured using the visual analog scale pain score, Subjective Shoulder Value, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, University of California, Los Angeles shoulder score, and passive range of motion preoperatively and at the last follow-up.

Assessment of neutralizing antibody response as a correlate of protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections after administration of two doses of the CoronaVac inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: A phase III randomized controlled trial.

Background: The emergence of variants of concerns of SARS-CoV-2 highlights the need for comprehensively elucidating the correlates of protection for different COVID-19 vaccine types. Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines are currently amongst the most widely administered vaccines globally. However, investigations into the correlates of protection for inactivated COVID-19 vaccines are relatively rare.

Entangling gates on degenerate spin qubits dressed by a global field.

Semiconductor spin qubits represent a promising platform for future large-scale quantum computers owing to their excellent qubit performance, as well as the ability to leverage the mature semiconductor manufacturing industry for scaling up. Individual qubit control, however, commonly relies on spectral selectivity, where individual microwave signals of distinct frequencies are used to address each qubit. As quantum processors scale up, this approach will suffer from frequency crowding, control signal interference and unfeasible bandwidth requirements.

US Markers and Necroinflammation, Steatosis, and Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease: The iLEAD Study.

Background Attenuation coefficient (AC) and shear-wave speed (SWS) are established US markers for assessing patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), while shear-wave dispersion slope (DS) is not. Purpose To assess the relationship between the multiparametric US imaging markers DS, AC, and SWS and liver histopathologic necroinflammation in patients with MASLD. Materials and Methods This international multicenter prospective study enrolled consecutive patients with biopsy-proven MASLD between June 2019 and March 2023.

Automated Comprehensive CT Assessment of the Risk of Diabetes and Associated Cardiometabolic Conditions.

Background CT performed for various clinical indications has the potential to predict cardiometabolic diseases. However, the predictive ability of individual CT parameters remains underexplored. Purpose To evaluate the ability of automated CT-derived markers to predict diabetes and associated cardiometabolic comorbidities.

Incidence and Outcomes of Cardiocerebral Infarction: A Cohort Study of 2 National Population-Based Registries.

Background: Cardiocerebral infarction (CCI), which is concomitant with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS), is a rare but severe presentation. However, there are few data on CCI, and the treatment options are uncertain. We investigated the characteristics and outcomes of CCI compared with AMI or AIS alone.

Bounds to electron spin qubit variability for scalable CMOS architectures.

Spins of electrons in silicon MOS quantum dots combine exquisite quantum properties and scalable fabrication. In the age of quantum technology, however, the metrics that crowned Si/SiO as the microelectronics standard need to be reassessed with respect to their impact upon qubit performance. We chart spin qubit variability due to the unavoidable atomic-scale roughness of the Si/SiO interface, compiling experiments across 12 devices, and develop theoretical tools to analyse these results.

The association of blood eosinophil counts and FEV decline: a cohort study.

Background: Accelerated lung function decline is characteristic of COPD. However, the association between blood eosinophil counts and lung function decline, accounting for current smoking status, in young individuals without prevalent lung disease is not fully understood.

Methods: This is a cohort study of 629 784 Korean adults without COPD or a history of asthma at baseline who participated in health screening examinations including spirometry and differential white blood cell counts.

High-fidelity spin qubit operation and algorithmic initialization above 1 K.

The encoding of qubits in semiconductor spin carriers has been recognized as a promising approach to a commercial quantum computer that can be lithographically produced and integrated at scale. However, the operation of the large number of qubits required for advantageous quantum applications will produce a thermal load exceeding the available cooling power of cryostats at millikelvin temperatures. As the scale-up accelerates, it becomes imperative to establish fault-tolerant operation above 1 K, at which the cooling power is orders of magnitude higher.

Innate antiviral responses against Shaan virus infection in HEK293, A549 and MARC-145 cells and limited role of viperin against Shaan virus replication.

The Shaan virus is a new paramyxovirus species recently isolated from an insectivorous bat. Therefore, its replication characteristics remain unclear. We used transcriptome analysis and molecular experiments to examine host cell responses in human A549, HEK293, and monkey MARC-145 cell lines infected with the Shaan virus (ShaV/B16-40).

Clinical Benefit of Intravascular Imaging Compared With Conventional Angiography in Left Main Coronary Artery Intervention.

Background: The RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI (Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravascular Imaging Guidance Versus Angiography-Guidance on Clinical Outcomes After Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) demonstrated that intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improved clinical outcome compared with angiography-guided PCI for patients with complex coronary artery lesions. This study aims to assess whether the prognostic benefit of intravascular imaging-guided procedural optimization persists in patients undergoing PCI for left main coronary artery disease.

Methods: Of 1639 patients enrolled in the RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI, 192 patients with left main coronary artery disease were selected for the current prespecified substudy.

White Matter Hyperintensity Volume and Poststroke Cognition: An Individual Patient Data Pooled Analysis of 9 Ischemic Stroke Cohort Studies.

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are associated with cognitive dysfunction after ischemic stroke. Yet, uncertainty remains about affected domains, the role of other preexisting brain injury, and infarct types in the relation between WMH burden and poststroke cognition. We aimed to disentangle these factors in a large sample of patients with ischemic stroke from different cohorts.

A Phase II Study of Osimertinib in Patients with Advanced-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer following Prior Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (EGFR TKI) Therapy with EGFR and T790M Mutations Detected in Plasma Circulating Tumour DNA (PLASMA Study).

Epidermal growth factor receptor () T790M mutations drive resistance in 50% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who progress on first/second generation (1G/2G) EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and are sensitive to Osimertinib. Tissue sampling is the gold-standard modality of T790M testing, but it is invasive. We evaluated the efficacy of Osimertinib in patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC and T790M in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA).

Cell-Free Fetal DNA Screening Analysis in Korean Pregnant Women: Six Years of Experience and a Retrospective Study of 9327 Patients Analyzed from 2017 to 2022.

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening for normal fetal aneuploidy has been widely adopted worldwide due to its convenience, non-invasiveness, and high positive predictive rate. We retrospectively evaluated 9327 Korean women with single pregnancies who underwent a non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) to investigate how various factors such as maternal weight, age, and the method of conception affect the fetal fraction (FF). The average FF was 9.

Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided or Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The OCTIVUS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) or optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed superior clinical outcomes compared with angiography-guided PCI. However, the comparative effectiveness of OCT-guided and IVUS-guided PCI regarding clinical outcomes is unknown.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, open-label, pragmatic trial, we randomly assigned 2008 patients with significant coronary artery lesions undergoing PCI in a 1:1 ratio to undergo either an OCT-guided or IVUS-guided PCI.

Upregulation of the ERRγ-VDAC1 axis underlies the molecular pathogenesis of pancreatitis.

Emerging evidence suggest that transcription factors play multiple roles in the development of pancreatitis, a necroinflammatory condition lacking specific therapy. Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ), a pleiotropic transcription factor, has been reported to play a vital role in pancreatic acinar cell (PAC) homeostasis. However, the role of ERRγ in PAC dysfunction remains hitherto unknown.

Cytokine engineered NK-92 therapy to improve persistence and anti-tumor activity.

Natural killer (NK) cells are an attractive cell source in cancer immunotherapy due to their potent antitumor ability and promising safety for allogenic applications. However, the clinical outcome of NK cell therapy has been limited due to poor persistence and loss of activity in the cytokine-deficient tumor microenvironment. Benefits from exogenous administration of soluble interleukin-2 (IL-2) to stimulate the activity of NK cells have not been significant due to cytokine consumption and activation of other immune cells, compromising both efficacy and safety.