Differential Connectivity Patterns of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: A Large-scale Brain Network Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), significantly impact the quality of life in older adults. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a critical stage for intervention and can predict the development of dementia. The causes of these two diseases are not fully understood, but there is an overlap in their neuropathology.

Safety and Efficacy of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Intravenous Thrombolysis: The SERIC-IVT Trial.

Background: Approximately half of the patients with acute ischemic stroke who receive intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) do not achieve an excellent outcome. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) as a promising neuroprotective treatment may improve clinical outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of RIC in patients with IVT.

Feasibility of Sub-milliSievert Low-dose Computed Tomography with Deep Learning Image Reconstruction in Evaluating Pulmonary Subsolid Nodules: A Prospective Intra-individual Comparison Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To comprehensively assess the feasibility of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) using deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) for evaluating pulmonary subsolid nodules, which are challenging due to their susceptibility to noise.

Materials And Methods: Patients undergoing both standard-dose CT (SDCT) and LDCT between March and June 2023 were prospectively enrolled. LDCT images were reconstructed with high-strength DLIR (DLIR-H), medium-strength DLIR (DLIR-M), adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V level 50% (ASIR-V-50%), and filtered back projection (FBP); SDCT with FBP as the reference standard.

Association of Glymphatic Function With Clinical Characteristics in Patients With Clinical and Asymptomatic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease.

Background And Objectives: Abnormal glymphatic system-related proteins have been identified in a small-scale pathologic study of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). However, it remains unclear whether glymphatic dysfunction occurs in vivo in patients with CJD and whether this decline begins during the preclinical stage. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between glymphatic dysfunction and clinical characteristics in patients with CJD, as well as potential glymphatic impairment in preclinical CJD.

Relationship Between Physical Literacy and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Physical literacy (PL) can positively affect the health of children, adolescents, and adults, and is closely related to cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).

Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between overall physical literacy (PL) and CRF in children and adolescents.

Methods: Cross-sectional, cohort and experimental studies on the relationship between PL and CRF in children and adolescents were collected by searching the Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases.

Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Nonacute Subdural Hematoma.

Background: The effect of embolization of the middle meningeal artery in patients with subacute or chronic subdural hematoma is uncertain.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial in China, involving patients with symptomatic nonacute subdural hematoma with mass effect. Patients were assigned to undergo burr-hole drainage or receive nonsurgical treatment at the surgeon's discretion, and patients in each group were then randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to undergo middle meningeal artery embolization with liquid embolic material or to receive usual care.

Utilizing artificial intelligence to determine bone mineral density using spectral CT.

Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has demonstrated the feasibility of using HAP-water to respond to BMD changes without requiring dedicated software or calibration. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been utilized for diagnosising osteoporosis in routine CT scans but has rarely been used in DECT. This study investigated the diagnostic performance of an AI system for osteoporosis screening using DECT images with reference quantitative CT (QCT).

Amorphous/crystalline Ni-Fe based electrodes with rich oxygen vacancies enable highly active oxygen evolution in seawater electrolysis.

To realize large-scale production of hydrogen through seawater electrolysis, it is highly crucial to engineer high-activity and robustly stable catalytic materials for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, a facile etching growth strategy based on Ni foam (NF) is employed to fabricate an amorphous/crystalline Ni-Fe based electrode with rich oxygen vacancies as a promising OER electrocatalyst (a/c-NiFeOH@NF). Of note, the introduction of Fe induces the generation of plentiful Ni(Fe)OOH species, which can contribute to the remarkable OER behavior.

Circulating Tumor DNA in Conjunctival Melanoma: Landscape and Surveillance Value.

Purpose: To evaluate the surveillance value of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for detecting distant metastasis and indicating systemic therapeutic efficacy in conjunctival melanoma (CoM).

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Methods: From July 2021 to June 2023, 30 CoM patients in our center underwent plasma ctDNA assessment, out of which 12 individuals presented with distant metastases.

Identification of cigarettes with different grades by using FTIR microspectroscopy.

In this paper, FTIR microspectroscopy was used to identify the cigarettes of three different grades such as Jinwan cigarettes (J group), Yinxiangyipin cigarettes (Y group) and Hongsanhuan cigarettes (H group). IR spectra and peak-area ratios (A /A, A /A, A/A and A/A) revealed significant differences among H, Y and J groups, reflecting the changes in chemical compositions with increased grade. Discriminant analysis was carried out on basis of the above peak-area ratios, achieving 100% accuracy for identification of H, Y and J groups.

Sulfur filling activates vacancy-induced C-C bond cleavage in polyol electrooxidation.

Using the electrochemical polyol oxidation reaction (POR) to produce formic acid over nickel-based oxides/hydroxides (NiO H ) is an attractive strategy for the electrochemical upgrading of biomass-derived polyols. The key step in the POR, i.e.

De novo generation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody CDRH3 with a pre-trained generative large language model.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have made great advances in assisting antibody design. However, antibody design still heavily relies on isolating antigen-specific antibodies from serum, which is a resource-intensive and time-consuming process. To address this issue, we propose a Pre-trained Antibody generative large Language Model (PALM-H3) for the de novo generation of artificial antibodies heavy chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDRH3) with desired antigen-binding specificity, reducing the reliance on natural antibodies.

Evaluating Seasonal Variations in Human Contact Patterns and Their Impact on the Transmission of Respiratory Infectious Diseases.

Background: Human contact patterns are a key determinant driving the spread of respiratory infectious diseases. However, the relationship between contact patterns and seasonality as well as their possible association with the seasonality of respiratory diseases is yet to be clarified.

Methods: We investigated the association between temperature and human contact patterns using data collected through a cross-sectional diary-based contact survey in Shanghai, China, between December 24, 2017, and May 30, 2018.

Usefulness of KIT mutant transcript levels for monitoring measurable residual disease in t (8;21) acute myeloid leukemia.

In addition to RUNX1::RUNX1T1 transcript levels, measurable residual disease monitoring using KIT mutant (KIT ) DNA level is reportedly predictive of relapse in t (8; 21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the usefulness of KIT transcript levels remains unknown. A total of 202 bone marrow samples collected at diagnosis and during treatment from 52 t (8; 21) AML patients with KIT (D816V/H/Y or N822K) were tested for KIT transcript levels using digital polymerase chain reaction.

Neoadjuvant-adjuvant pertuzumab in HER2-positive early breast cancer: final analysis of the randomized phase III PEONY trial.

The randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III PEONY trial (NCT02586025) demonstrated significantly improved total pathologic complete response (primary endpoint) with dual HER2 blockade in HER2-positive early/locally advanced breast cancer, as previously reported. Here, we present the final, long-term efficacy (secondary endpoints: event-free survival, disease-free survival, overall survival) and safety analysis (62.9 months' median follow-up).

Association of serum uric acid with women's ovarian reserve: observational study and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Objective: To investigate the association between serum uric acid and women's ovarian reserve.

Design: Retrospective observational study and Mendelian randomization study.

Setting: University-affiliated in vitro fertilization center.

PROTAC Prodrug-Integrated Nanosensitizer for Potentiating Radiation Therapy of Cancer.

Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the primary options for clinical cancer therapy, in particular advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Herein, the crucial role of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4)-RAD51 associated protein 1 (RAD51AP1) axis in sensitizing RT of HNSCC is revealed. A versatile nanosensitizer (RPB7H) is thus innovatively engineered by integrating a PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTAC) prodrug (BPA771) and hafnium dioxide (HfO) nanoparticles to downregulate BRD4-RAD51AP1 pathway and sensitize HNSCC tumor to RT.

Increased Attenuation of Intestinal Contents at CT Indicates Bowel Necrosis in Closed-Loop Small Bowel Obstruction.

Background Preoperative recognition of irreversible bowel necrosis is important, as it provides valuable guidance for surgical strategy selection but also may inform perioperative risk assessment and communication. Few studies have focused on the association between CT signs and bowel necrosis. Purpose To assess the diagnostic accuracy of CT signs to predict bowel necrosis in patients with closed-loop small bowel obstruction (CL-SBO).

The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and visual hallucinations in PD patients: a polysomnography study.

Purpose: Parkinson's disease (PD) patients frequently experience visual hallucinations (VHs) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and clinical correlates of VHs and OSA in the Chinese population with PD.

Materials And Methods: A sample of 489 PD patients was recruited for the present study.

Single Bolus r-SAK Before Primary PCI for ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Background: It is uncertain whether adjunctive thrombolysis is beneficial for patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 120 minutes of presentation. This study was to determine whether in patients presenting with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction a single bolus recombinant staphylokinase (r-SAK) before timely PCI leads to improved patency of the infarct-related artery and reduces the infarct size.

Methods: This is an open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized study.

Implantation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (ADSCs)-Lining Prosthetic Graft Promotes Vascular Regeneration in Monkeys and Pigs.

Background: Current replacement procedures for stenosis or occluded arteries using prosthetic grafts have serious limitations in clinical applications, particularly, endothelialization of the luminal surface is a long-standing unresolved problem.

Method: We produced a cell-based hybrid vascular graft using a bioink engulfing adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs) and a 3D bioprinting process lining the ADSCs on the luminal surface of GORE-Tex grafts. The hybrid graft was implanted as an interposition conduit to replace a 3-cm-long segment of the infrarenal abdominal aorta in Rhesus monkeys.