Prediction model for sleep disorders in patients transferred out of ICU: Development and validation.

Background: Sleep disturbance is one of the clinical manifestations of post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) in ICU. Sleep disorders can cause changes in patients' emotional, cognitive, memory, immune, and motor systems, resulting in delayed wound healing, increased infection rate, readmission rate, mortality rate and complication rate. However, developing prediction models for sleep disorders in post-ICU patients is an understudied problem.

An interpretable machine learning model assists in predicting induction chemotherapy response and survival for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma using MRI: a multicenter study.

Objectives: To develop and validate an interpretable and generalized machine learning model using MRI for the individualized prediction of induction chemotherapy (ICT) response and survival in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC).

Methods: A total of 1368 patients who underwent MRI examinations before ICT from three hospitals were retrospectively enrolled and divided into training, internal validation, external validation, and cross-field strength validation cohorts. Significant radiomics and clinical features were selected from coarse to fine.

Development and validation of a predictive model and tool for functional recovery in patients after postero-lateral interbody fusion.

Objective: The postoperative recovery of patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) requires further study. This study aimed to establish and validate a predictive model for functional recovery in patients with LDH and explore associated risk factors.

Method: Patients with LDH undergoing PLIF admitted from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022 were included, and patient data were prospectively collected through follow-up.

Comparison of conventional diffusion-weighted imaging and multiplexed sensitivity-encoding combined with deep learning-based reconstruction in breast magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of multiplexed sensitivity-encoding (MUSE) with deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) for breast imaging in comparison with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and MUSE alone.

Methods: This study was conducted using conventional single-shot DWI and MUSE data of female participants who underwent breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from June to December 2023. The k-space data in MUSE were reconstructed using both conventional reconstruction and DLR.

Multimodal MRI and H-MRS for Preoperative Stratification of High-Risk Molecular Subtype in Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) genes are critical molecular markers in determining treatment options and predicting the prognosis of adult-type diffuse gliomas. : this study aimed to investigate whether multimodal MRI enables the differentiation of genotypes in adult-type diffuse gliomas. : a total of 116 adult-type diffuse glioma patients (61 males, 51.

Efficacy and safety of JMT103 in patients with unresectable or surgically-challenging giant cell tumor of bone: a multicenter, phase Ib/II study.

This was a multicenter, single-arm, open-label, phase Ib/II study (NCT04255576), aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of JMT103 in patients with unresectable or surgically-challenging giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB). JMT103 (2 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously every four weeks, with loading doses on days 8 and 15. The primary endpoint was the objective tumor response rate (OTR) based on best response, defined as the proportion of patients who achieved elimination of at least 90% of the giant cells or radiologic complete or partial response per the modified Inverse Choi density/size (mICDS) or modified European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (mEORTC) within 12 weeks.

Endogenously produced itaconate negatively regulates innate-driven cytokine production and drives global ubiquitination in human macrophages.

A wide variety of electrophilic derivatives of itaconate, the Kreb's cycle-derived metabolite, are immunomodulatory, yet these derivatives have overlapping and sometimes contradictory activities. Therefore, we generated a genetic system to interrogate the immunomodulatory functions of endogenously produced itaconate in human macrophages. Endogenous itaconate is driven by multiple innate signals restraining inflammatory cytokine production.

Intestinal Metabolism of Crocin and a Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Study in the Chronic Social Defeat Stress Mouse Model.

Orally administered crocin rapidly and efficiently rescues depressive-like behaviors in depression models; however, crocin levels in the circulatory and central nervous systems are rather low. The underlying mechanism responsible for the inconsistency between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is unknown. To identify the active metabolites and clarify the underlying mechanisms, the pharmacokinetics and metabolic effects of the gut flora and hepatic and intestinal microsomes on crocin were examined, and the pharmacodynamics of crocin and its major metabolite, crocetin, were also evaluated in both normal and pseudo germ-free mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress.

SMYD2-Methylated PPARγ Facilitates Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension by Activating Mitophagy.

Background: Hyperproliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and consequent pulmonary vascular remodeling are the crucial pathological features of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Protein methylation has been shown to be critically involved in PASMC proliferation and PH, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown.

Methods: PH animal models were generated by treating mice/rats with chronic hypoxia for 4 weeks.

Nondestructive, quantitative viability analysis of 3D tissue cultures using machine learning image segmentation.

Ascertaining the collective viability of cells in different cell culture conditions has typically relied on averaging colorimetric indicators and is often reported out in simple binary readouts. Recent research has combined viability assessment techniques with image-based deep-learning models to automate the characterization of cellular properties. However, further development of viability measurements to assess the continuity of possible cellular states and responses to perturbation across cell culture conditions is needed.

Antithrombotic Treatment for Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection: The STOP-CAD Study.

Background: Small, randomized trials of patients with cervical artery dissection showed conflicting results regarding optimal stroke prevention strategies. We aimed to compare outcomes in patients with cervical artery dissection treated with antiplatelets versus anticoagulation.

Methods: This is a multicenter observational retrospective international study (16 countries, 63 sites) that included patients with cervical artery dissection without major trauma.

Hyperpolarized Gas Imaging in Lung Diseases: Functional and Artificial Intelligence Perspective.

Pathophysiologic changes in lung diseases are often accompanied by changes in ventilation and gas exchange. Comprehensive evaluation of lung function cannot be obtained through chest X-ray and computed tomography. Proton-based lung MRI is particularly challenging due to low proton density within the lung tissue.

A study of the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in virologically suppressed pregnant women with HIV.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy and confirm the dose of once-daily bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF; B/F/TAF) during pregnancy.

Design: An open-label, multicenter, single-arm, phase 1b study (NCT03960645) was conducted in 33 virologically suppressed pregnant women with HIV-1.

Methods: Participants received B/F/TAF (50/200/25 mg) from the second or third trimester through ∼16 weeks postpartum.

Role of Angiotensin II Type 1a Receptor (AT1aR) of Renal Tubules in Regulating Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels 4.2 (Kir4.2), Kir4.1, and Epithelial Na Channel (ENaC).

Background: Kir4.2 and Kir4.1 play a role in regulating membrane transport in the proximal tubule (PT) and in the distal-convoluted-tubule (DCT), respectively.

Observation and Characterization of Multiple Resonance Modes in a Chiral Helimagnet CrNbS.

The chiral helimagnet CrNbS hosts various temperature- and magnetic-field-stabilized chiral soliton lattices (CSLs) and corresponding exotic collective spin resonance modes, which make it an ideal candidate for future magnetic storage/memory and magnon-based information processing. While most studies have focused on characterizing various static spin textures in this chiral helimagnet, its corresponding collective dynamics have rarely been explored. This study systematically investigates the temperature- and magnetic-field-dependent magnetic dynamics of a single crystal of CrNbS using broadband microwave spectroscopy.

Derivation and Validation of a Risk Score for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection.

Background: Compared with methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), the prognosis of patients with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infection is poor. Therefore, the construction of MRSA and MSSA identification model has certain value for the selection of antibiotics and treatment outcome control. This study aimed to derive and validate a simple risk prediction model for MRSA bloodstream infection in Chinese patients.

Mechanistic investigation of a D to N mutation in DAHP synthase that dictates carbon flux into the shikimate pathway in yeast.

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (DAHPS) is a key enzyme in the shikimate pathway for the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds. -Phe and -Tyr bind to the two main DAHPS isoforms and inhibit their enzyme activities, respectively. Synthetic biologists aim to relieve such inhibitions in order to improve the productivity of aromatic compounds.

Informatics on Drug Repurposing for Breast Cancer.

Moving a new drug from bench to bedside is a long and arduous process. The tactic of drug repurposing, which solves "new" diseases with "old" existing drugs, is more efficient and economical than conventional ab-initio way for drug development. Information technology has dramatically changed the paradigm of biomedical research in the new century, and drug repurposing studies have been significantly accelerated by implementing informatics techniques related to genomics, systems biology and biophysics during the past few years.