Hydroxyl super rotors from vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation of water.

Hydroxyl radicals (OH) play a central role in the interstellar medium. Here, we observe highly rotationally excited OH radicals with energies above the bond dissociation energy, termed OH "super rotors", from the vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation of water. The most highly excited OH(X) super rotors identified at 115.

A Novel Na-K-Cl Cotransporter 1 Inhibitor STS66* Reduces Brain Damage in Mice After Ischemic Stroke.

Background and Purpose- Inhibition of brain NKCC1 (Na-K-Cl cotransporter 1) with bumetanide (BMT) is of interest in ischemic stroke therapy. However, its poor brain penetration limits the application. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of 2 novel NKCC1 inhibitors, a lipophilic BMT prodrug STS5 (2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl 3-(butylamino)-4-phenoxy-5-sulfamoyl-benzoate;hydrochloride) and a novel NKCC1 inhibitor STS66 (3-(Butylamino)-2-phenoxy-5-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethylamino)methyl]benzenesulfonamide), on reducing ischemic brain injury.

Computational Evolution of Threonine-Rich β-Hairpin Peptides Mimicking Specificity and Affinity of Antibodies.

The development of recognition molecules with antibody-like properties is of great value to the biotechnological and bioanalytical communities. The recognition molecules presented here are peptides with a strong tendency to form β-hairpin structures, stabilized by alternate threonines, which are located at one face of the peptide. Amino acids at the other face of the peptide are available for interaction with the target molecule.

Mitoquinone attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption through Nrf2/PHB2/OPA1 pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.

Background And Purpose: Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the mechanism of early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Blood-brain barrier disruption is a devastating outcome in the early stage of SAH. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of a mitochondria-related drug Mitoquinone (MitoQ) in blood-brain barrier disruption after SAH in rats.

Association analysis of polymorphisms of G protein-coupled receptor 54 gene exons with reproductive traits in Jiaxing Black sows.

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) gene and explore association of this candidate gene with reproductive traits in Jiaxing Black sows.

Methods: Six pairs of primers of the gene were designed to amplify all exons thus sequences of which were detected by means of direct sequencing and then SNP loci were scanned. The effects of SNPs on total number of piglets born (TNB), number of piglets born alive (NBA), number of still born piglets (NSB), and litter weight at birth (LWB) of Jiaxing Black sows were analyzed.

Transient Ischemic Attack and Carotid Web.

Background And Purpose: Carotid web was recognized as a cause of ischemic stroke. We sought to determine the clinical and imaging profiles of patients with a carotid web as well as its association with TIA.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of carotid CT angiography studies and brain MR imaging in patients with TIA during the past 3 years ( = 135) was performed to determine the presence of carotid webs by 2 experienced neuroradiologists according to previously published criteria.

Immunoproteasome Subunit β5i Promotes Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Induced Atrial Fibrillation by Targeting ATRAP (Ang II Type I Receptor-Associated Protein) Degradation in Mice.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia and increases the risk of stroke, heart failure, and death. Ang II (angiotensin II) triggers AF, mainly through stimulation of the AT1R (Ang II type I receptor). The immunoproteasome is a highly efficient proteolytic machine derived from the constitutive proteasome, but the role it plays in regulating AT1R activation and triggering AF remains unknown.

Measurement of Antiproton Production in p-He Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=110 GeV.

The cross section for prompt antiproton production in collisions of protons with an energy of 6.5 TeV incident on helium nuclei at rest is measured with the LHCb experiment from a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.5  nb^{-1}.

Transcriptomic profiles of striped snakehead cells (SSN-1) infected with snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV) identifying IFI35 as a positive factor for SHVV replication.

Snakehead vesiculovirus (SHVV) has caused great economic loss in snakehead fish culture in China. However, there is no effective strategy to prevent the epidemic of the virus. Understanding the host factors in response to virus infection is the basis for the prevention of viral disease.

SPINK1, PRSS1, CTRC, and CFTR Genotypes Influence Disease Onset and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Pancreatitis.

Objectives: Rare pathogenic variants in the SPINK1, PRSS1, CTRC, and CFTR genes have been strongly associated with a risk of developing chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, their potential impact on the age of disease onset and clinical outcomes, as well as their potential interactions with environmental risk factors, remain unclear. These issues are addressed here in a large Chinese CP cohort.

Two Novel Short Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins (PGRPs) From the Deep Sea Vesicomyidae Clam : Identification, Recombinant Expression and Bioactivity.

Vesicomyidae clams are common species living in cold seeps, which incorporates symbiotic bacteria into their body maintaining endosymbiosis relationship. As members of pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family, peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns and play an important role in innate immunity. In present study, two short PGRPs (ApPGRP-1 and -2) were first identified from Vesicomyidae clam .

First Observation of the Doubly Charmed Baryon Decay Ξ_{cc}^{++}→Ξ_{c}^{+}π^{+}.

The doubly charmed baryon decay Ξ_{cc}^{++}→Ξ_{c}^{+}π^{+} is observed for the first time, with a statistical significance of 5.9σ, confirming a recent observation of the baryon in the Λ_{c}^{+}K^{-}π^{+}π^{+} final state. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.

Angioedema and Hemorrhage After 4.5-Hour tPA (Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator) Thrombolysis Ameliorated by T541 via Restoring Brain Microvascular Integrity.

Background and Purpose- tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) is the only recommended intravenous thrombolytic agent for ischemic stroke. However, its application is limited because of increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation beyond the time window. T541 is a Chinese compound medicine with potential to attenuate ischemia and reperfusion injury.

Inhibition of Vascular Calcification.

Objective- Vascular calcification is a major risk factor for rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. High expression of BMP2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) in lesions suggests its importance in vascular calcification during atherosclerosis. Teniposide is a Topo II (DNA topoisomerase II) inhibitor and is used for cancer treatment.

The synthetic cathinones, butylone and pentylone, are stimulants that act as dopamine transporter blockers but 5-HT transporter substrates.

Rationale: Synthetic cathinones continue to emerge in recreational drug markets worldwide. 1-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(methylamino)butan-1-one (butylone) and 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(methylamino)pentan-1-one (pentylone) are derivatives of the cathinone compound, 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(methylamino)propan-1-one (methylone), that are being detected in drug products and human casework.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to examine the neuropharmacology of butylone and pentylone using in vitro and in vivo methods.

Self-derived structure-disrupting peptides targeting methionine aminopeptidase in pathogenic bacteria: a new strategy to generate antimicrobial peptides.

Bacterial infection is one of the leading causes of death in young, elderly, and immune-compromised patients. The rapid spread of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a global health emergency and there is a lack of new drugs to control MDR pathogens. We describe a heretofore-unexplored discovery pathway for novel antibiotics that is based on self-targeting, structure-disrupting peptides.

Measurement of the Ω_{c}^{0} Baryon Lifetime.

We report a measurement of the lifetime of the Ω_{c}^{0} baryon using proton-proton collision data at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0  fb^{-1} collected by the LHCb experiment. The sample consists of about 1000  Ω_{b}^{-}→Ω_{c}^{0}μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}X signal decays, where the Ω_{c}^{0} baryon is detected in the pK^{-}K^{-}π^{+} final state and X represents possible additional undetected particles in the decay.

Measurement of Angular and CP Asymmetries in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}μ^{+}μ^{-} and D^{0}→K^{+}K^{-}μ^{+}μ^{-} Decays.

The first measurements of the forward-backward asymmetry of the dimuon pair (A_{FB}), the triple-product asymmetry (A_{2ϕ}), and the charge-parity-conjugation asymmetry (A_{CP}), in D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}μ^{+}μ^{-} and D^{0}→K^{+}K^{-}μ^{+}μ^{-} decays are reported. They are performed using data from proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb experiment from 2011 to 2016, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 5  fb^{-1}. The asymmetries are measured to be A_{FB}(D^{0}→π^{+}π^{-}μ^{+}μ^{-})=(3.

Noncovalent Interactions between Molecular Hydrogen and the Alkali Fluorides: H-H···F-M (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs). High Level Theoretical Predictions and SAPT Analysis.

Various types of hydrogen bonds have been recognized during the past century. In this research, a new type of noncovalent interaction, the dipole-induced hydrogen bond formed between a hydrogen molecule and an alkali halide, H-H···F-M, is studied. Proposed by Zhang and co-workers ( Phys.

Observation of a New Ξ_{b}^{-} Resonance.

From samples of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at sqrt[s]=7, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 1.0, 2.0 and 1.

Effects of Applied Potential and Reactants to Hydrogen-Producing Biocathode in a Microbial Electrolysis Cell.

Understanding the mechanism of electron transfer between the cathode and microorganisms in cathode biofilms in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) for hydrogen production is important. In this study, biocathodes of MECs were successfully re-enriched and subjected to different operating parameters: applied potential, sulfate use and inorganic carbon consumption. It was hypothesized that biocathode catalytic activity would be affected by the applied potentials that initiate electron transfer.

Measurement of the Lifetime of the Doubly Charmed Baryon Ξ_{cc}^{++}.

The first measurement of the lifetime of the doubly charmed baryon Ξ_{cc}^{++} is presented, with the signal reconstructed in the final state Λ_{c}^{+}K^{-}π^{+}π^{+}. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.7  fb^{-1}, collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV.

Defect Sites in Ultrathin Pd Nanowires Facilitate the Highly Efficient Electrochemical Hydrodechlorination of Pollutants by H*.

Adsorbed atomic H (H*) facilitates indirect pathways playing a major role in the electrochemical removal of various priority pollutants. It is crucial to identify the atomic sites responsible for the provision of H*. Herein, through a systematic study of the distribution of H* on Pd nanocatalysts with different sizes and, more importantly, deliberately controlled relative abundance of surface defects, we uncovered the central role of defects in the provision of H*.

Amplitude Analysis of the Decay B[over ¯]^{0}→K_{S}^{0}π^{+}π^{-} and First Observation of the CP Asymmetry in B[over ¯]^{0}→K^{*}(892)^{-}π^{+}.

The time-integrated untagged Dalitz plot of the three-body hadronic charmless decay B[over ¯]^{0}→K_{S}^{0}π^{+}π^{-} is studied using a pp collision data sample recorded with the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0  fb^{-1}. The decay amplitude is described with an isobar model.