Long-term prognostic significance of HER2-low and HER2-zero in node-negative breast cancer.

Background: Recently, novel antibody--drug conjugates (ADCs) showed clinical activity in a subset of advanced human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative patients. We investigated the prognostic significance of HER2-low and HER2-zero tumours.

Patients And Methods: The retrospective cohort study included 410 consecutive node-negative breast cancer patients without adjuvant systemic therapy treated between 1985 and 2000 (median follow-up: 16.

Chemically modified hCFTR mRNAs recuperate lung function in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis.

Gene therapy has always been a promising therapeutic approach for Cystic Fibrosis (CF). However, numerous trials using DNA or viral vectors encoding the correct protein resulted in a general low efficacy. In the last years, chemically modified messenger RNA (cmRNA) has been proven to be a highly potent, pulmonary drug.

Specific Metabolic Profiles and Their Relationship to Insulin Resistance in Recent-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.

Context: Insulin resistance reflects the inadequate insulin-mediated use of metabolites and predicts type 2 diabetes (T2D) but is also frequently seen in long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D) and represents a major cardiovascular risk factor.

Objective: We hypothesized that plasma metabolome profiles allow the identification of unique and common early biomarkers of insulin resistance in both diabetes types.

Design, Setting, And Patients: Two hundred ninety-five plasma metabolites were analyzed by mass spectrometry from patients of the prospective observational German Diabetes Study with T2D (n = 244) or T1D (n = 127) and known diabetes duration of less than 1 year and glucose-tolerant persons (CON; n = 129).