Discrete-time sliding mode controller based on backstepping disturbance compensation for robust current control of PMSM drives.

A robust current control approach with disturbance cross-coupling compensation for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives (PMSM) is proposed in this paper. The proposed approach can enhance the reference tracking and provides a robust option for current control of PMSM drives. A discrete-time sliding mode current controller is proposed.

Randomized, multicenter study: on-demand versus continuous maintenance treatment with esomeprazole in patients with non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background: Most patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease experience symptomatic relapse after stopping acid-suppressive medication. The aim of this study was to compare willingness to continue treatment with esomeprazole on-demand versus continuous maintenance therapy for symptom control in patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) after 6 months.

Methods: This multicenter, open-label, randomized, parallel-group study enrolled adults with NERD who were heartburn-free after 4 weeks' treatment with esomeprazole 20 mg daily.

Safety and efficacy of pantoprazole 40 mg daily as relapse prophylaxis in patients with healed reflux oesophagitis-a 2-year follow-up.

Background: Pantoprazole is a benzimidazole derivative which selectively inhibits the proton pump H+, K+-ATPase, necessary for the final step in gastric acid secretion.

Aim: To assess safety and efficacy of oral pantoprazole (40 mg o.d.

Evaluation of reflux oesophagitis with technetium-99m-labelled sucralfate.

Unlabelled: Sucralfate binds with denuded protein to form a stable complex to protect the damaged mucosa. By utilising this property, technetium-99m-labelled sucralfate can be used to demonstrate ulceration in the upper gastro-intestinal tract.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate 99mTc-labelled sucralfate in the diagnosis of grade II-III reflux oesophagitis.

Efficacy and tolerability of pantoprazole 40 mg versus 80 mg in patients with reflux oesophagitis.

Background: Pantoprazole is a substituted benzimidazole which is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion by its action upon H+, K+-ATPase.

Methods: Pantoprazole 40 mg and 80 mg were compared in a randomized double-blind study in 192 out-patients with stage II or III (Savary-Miller classification) reflux oesophagitis. Patients received either pantoprazole 40 mg (n = 97) or pantoprazole 80 mg (n = 95), once daily before breakfast for 4 weeks.