Clinical Use of Oral Opioid Therapy for Dyspnea in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure - A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

For patients with advanced heart failure, palliative care, including opioids, is needed as a treatment for refractory dyspnea. However, little evidence has been reported on the efficacy and safety of opioids, and their use is not well established. We have introduced a protocol for the use of opioids for dyspnea in patients with advanced heart failure admitted to Saitama Citizens Medical Center.

Strategy for isolated iliac artery aneurysms.

We retrospectively reviewed 41 patients with isolated iliac artery aneurysms presenting over a 21-year period. The mean age was 72 years. Mean aneurysmal diameter was 6.