The influence of general health on the need for dental general anaesthesia in children.

Aim: To analyse the occurrence and causes of dental general anaesthesia (DGA) in healthy and medically compromised children, and to investigate if there are differences between those groups considering factors associated with DGA and DGA procedures.

Methods: The data was collected from medical records of children under 7 years of age treated under DGA in the years 2009 and 2010 at the Oulu University Hospital, Finland. The children were divided into two groups: 0-35-month-olds and ≥36-month olds.

Compound changes and tooth mineralization effects of glass ionomer cements containing bioactive glass (S53P4), an in vivo study.

In this study, modifications of glass ionomer cements (GICs) were made by adding bioactive glass (BAG) to GIC to obtain bioactive restorative materials. This study used SEM, EDS and visual analysis to examine the bioactivity and the ability of the study materials to mineralize dentin. Conventional cure and resin-modified light-curing GIC were used.

Compressive strength and surface characterization of glass ionomer cements modified by particles of bioactive glass.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine compressive strength, Young's modulus of elasticity, and Vickers' surface hardness, of conventional cure and resin-modified glass ionomer cements after the addition of bioactive glass (BAG) particles into the cements.

Methods: Experimental glass ionomer cement (GIC)-BAG materials were made by mixing 10- or 30-wt% of BAG particles with conventional cure and resin-modified GIC powders. Materials were processed into cylindrical specimens and immersed in water for 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 180 days before mechanical tests.

Release of silica, calcium, phosphorus, and fluoride from glass ionomer cement containing bioactive glass.

The aim of this study was to examine the release of silica (Si), calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), and fluoride (F) from conventional glass ionomer cement (GI) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (LCGI), containing different quantities of bioactive glass (BAG). Further aim was to evaluate in vitro biomineralization of dentine. The release of Si increased with the increasing immersion time from the specimens containing BAG, whereas the amount of Ca and P decreased indicating in vitro bioactivity of the materials.

Antimicrobial effects of glass ionomer cements containing bioactive glass (S53P4) on oral micro-organisms in vitro.

The antimicrobial effects of two glass-ionomer cements (GICs), GC Fuji II and Fuji II LC, mixed with different amounts (0 wt%, 10 wt% and 30 wt% of the total powder weight) of bioactive glass (BAG), S53P4, on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans were studied in vitro. The growth inhibition was tested using agar diffusion. The materials were also studied in a liquid media.