Endoscopic ultrasound with bronchoscope-guided transesophageal cryobiopsy: A case series with technical insights, key enablers, and review of literature.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is an established technique for lung cancer staging and the diagnosis of mediastinal diseases. Recently, the paradigm of EBUS guided mediastinal sampling with conventional cytology has shifted over to histology specimens through the use of cryobiopsy. This case series explores the novel technique, key enablers, and potential advantages of endoscopic ultrasound with bronchoscope-guided transesophageal cryobiopsy (EUS-B-TEC).

Brown-Colored Malignant Pleural Fluid With High Bilirubin Levels: A Case Series.

Brown-colored pleural effusion is rare and may result from high bilirubin levels such as bilothorax (often described as a pleural fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio of > 1.0). We describe four patients with malignant pleural effusion that appeared macroscopically brown with a pleural fluid-to-serum bilirubin ratio between 3.

Dry Medical Thoracoscopy with Artificial Pneumothorax Induction Using Veress Needle.

Background: In the absence of, or minimal-volume pleural effusion, conventional medical thoracoscopy (MT) is often precluded by the risk of lung injury. Dry medical thoracoscopy (dry MT) aims to ameliorate these dangers by inducing an artificial pneumothorax via needle insufflation or blunt dissection. Veress needle is a device used by surgeons to induce pneumoperitoneum before laparoscopic surgeries, but is not commonly reported in dry MT.