Quantifying Ultrafiltration in Peritoneal Dialysis Using the Sodium Dip.

Key Points: Ultrafiltration (UF) is a key component of clinical peritoneal dialysis prescription, but the traditional method to assess UF is hampered by large inaccuracies. Here we propose a novel method, based on a computational model and on a single dialysate sodium measurement, to accurately estimate UF and osmotic conductance to glucose in patients on peritoneal dialysis.

Background: Volume overload is highly prevalent among patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), contributes to hypertension, and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and death in this population.

The Risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis following the Administration of Hyperosmolar Enteral Medications to Extremely Preterm Infants.

Introduction: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease predominantly affecting preterm infants. The administration of hyperosmolar solutions could lead to the development of NEC. The objective of this study was to measure the osmolality of enteral medications used in clinical practice and to assess the risk of NEC following exposure to hyperosmolar medications.

Primary tuberculosis infection in 35 children at a Swedish day care center.

Background And Method: The decline of tuberculosis (TB) in the Swedish population since the middle of the 20th century resulted in decreased awareness of the disease. Increased migration from TB-endemic countries has resulted in new cases and risk of transmission. A day care provider was diagnosed with cavitary TB after being symptomatic for 5 months.

Radiological findings in children with acute pneumonia: age more important than infectious agent.

Purpose: To evaluate whether radiological findings and healing time in children with pneumonia are correlated to etiologic agent.

Material And Methods: A total of 346 children with radiologically verified acute pneumonia, and with accomplished serological tests for bacteria and viruses, were included in the study. Five etiological groups were analysed: children with bacterial etiology only, with viral etiology only, with mixed bacterial and viral etiology, with Mycoplasma only, and children with no etiology.

Pulmonary artery abnormalities in tetralogy of Fallot and relation to late physical performance.

Preoperative angiograms were reviewed in 86 (52%) of 165 patients who underwent intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot in 1966-1976. The median age at repair was 7 years (range 9 months-55 years). Hypoplasia, stenosis or atresia of the pulmonary and aortopulmonary collateral arteries were present in 58 patients (67%).