Publications by authors named "H W Kugel"
This study aims to improve our understanding of acute ischemic stroke clot imaging by integrating CT attenuation information with MRI susceptibility signal of thrombi. For this proof-of-principle experimental study, fifty-seven clot analogs were produced using ovine venous blood with a broad histological spectrum. Each clot analog was analyzed to determine its RBC content and chemical composition, including water, Fe III, sodium, pH, and pO2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group.
Am J Psychiatry
August 2024
Article Synopsis
- - The ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group studied brain structural differences between individuals with specific phobias and healthy participants, focusing on subtypes of phobias like animal and blood-injection-injury (BII) while examining how these differences relate to symptom severity and age.
- - A total of 1,452 participants with phobias and 2,991 healthy subjects were analyzed, revealing that those with phobias exhibited smaller subcortical volumes and varying cortical thickness, especially noted in adults rather than youths.
- - The results indicate that brain alterations in specific phobias are more significant than in other anxiety disorders, revealing distinct neural underpinnings linked to fear processing across different phobia types, highlighting a
Article Synopsis
- Current MRI techniques for visualizing thrombus behavior in acute ischemic stroke are suboptimal, but can be improved by understanding the T1 and T2 relaxation times of tissues.
- The study analyzed different MRI sequences and found that the histological composition of clots strongly influences T1 and T2 relaxation times, particularly with fibrin and iron content.
- Using these insights, the research suggests that two specific MRI sequences (T2w DRIVE and T1w TSE) can effectively depict thrombi as brighter than surrounding brain tissue, helping enhance clot visualization.
The mutated enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 has been detected in various tumor entities such as gliomas and can convert α-ketoglutarate into the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). This neuro-oncologically significant metabolic product can be detected by MR spectroscopy and is therefore suitable for noninvasive glioma classification and therapy monitoring.This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the methodology and relevance of H-MR spectroscopy (MRS) in the oncological primary and follow-up diagnosis of gliomas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The use of cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in observational studies has increased exponentially in recent years, making it critical to provide details about the study sample, image processing, and extracted imaging markers to validate and replicate study results. This article reviews the cerebral MRI dataset from the now-completed BiDirect cohort study, as an update and extension of the feasibility report published after the first two examination time points.
Methods: We report the sample and flow of participants spanning four study sessions and twelve years.