A Nonsteroidal Novel Formulation Targeting Inflammatory and Pruritus-Related Mediators Modulates Experimental Allergic Contact Dermatitis.

Introduction: A major clinical challenge in treating allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is that the first line of treatment is based on the use of corticosteroids. In this study, we aimed to develop a formulation that is devoid of steroids.

Methods: We used mouse ears treated with dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) to induce ACD.

SNAT2 amino acid transporter is regulated by amino acids of the SLC6 gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter subfamily in neocortical neurons and may play no role in delivering glutamine for glutamatergic transmission.

System A transporters SNAT1 and SNAT2 mediate uptake of neutral alpha-amino acids (e.g. glutamine, alanine, and proline) and are expressed in central neurons.

Analysis of a vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT2) supports a cell-leakage mode in addition to vesicular packaging.

VGLUT2 is one of three vesicular glutamate transporters that play crucial roles in glutamatergic excitatory neurotransmission. We explored the functional properties of the rat VGLUT2 by heterologous expression of VGLUT2 in Xenopus oocytes. Immunocytochemical analysis indicated that most VGLUT2 protein was expressed in intracellular compartments but that some expression occurred also on the plasma membrane.

Acidosis-sensing glutamine pump SNAT2 determines amino acid levels and mammalian target of rapamycin signalling to protein synthesis in L6 muscle cells.

Wasting of lean tissue as a consequence of metabolic acidosis is a serious problem in patients with chronic renal failure. A possible contributor is inhibition by low pH of the System A (SNAT2) transporter, which carries the amino acid L-glutamine (L-Gln) into muscle cells. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selective SNAT2 inhibition on intracellular amino acid profiles and amino acid-dependent signaling through mammalian target of rapamycin in L6 skeletal muscle cells.

The effects of hypoxia-ischemia on neutral amino acid transporters in the developing rat brain.

The neutral amino acid transporters SNAT1-3 and ASCT1 play critical roles in the recycling of glutamine, and subsequently glutamate, via the glutamine-glutamate cycle. Hypoxia-ischemia was induced in rat pups using the Rice-Vannucci model. Brains were harvested at 1 h, 24 h and 7 days after ischemia.