Spin in traumatic brain injury literature: prevalence and associated factors. A systematic review.

Objective: Spin is characterized as a misinterpretation of results that, whether deliberate or unintentional, culminates in misleading conclusions and steers readers toward an excessively optimistic perspective of the data. The primary objective of this systematic review was to estimate the prevalence and nature of spin within the traumatic brain injury (TBI) literature. Additionally, the identification of associated factors is intended to provide guidance for future research practices.

Teaching Video NeuroImage: Isolated Undulating Tongue Hyperkinesia Following a Basilar Stroke.

An 82-year-old man with a history of hypertension and coronary revascularization presented with sudden-onset right hemiparesis and disorientation lasting 5 hours. On admission, he was intubated because of gasping and a Glasgow Coma Scale of 3. Hemorrhagic stroke was suspected, but ruled out by the initial head CT, which revealed old cerebellar lacunae.

Mathematical properties of optimal fluxes in cellular reaction networks at balanced growth.

The physiology of biological cells evolved under physical and chemical constraints, such as mass conservation across the network of biochemical reactions, nonlinear reaction kinetics, and limits on cell density. For unicellular organisms, the fitness that governs this evolution is mainly determined by the balanced cellular growth rate. We previously introduced growth balance analysis (GBA) as a general framework to model and analyze such nonlinear systems, revealing important analytical properties of optimal balanced growth states.

On the optimality of the enzyme-substrate relationship in bacteria.

Much recent progress has been made to understand the impact of proteome allocation on bacterial growth; much less is known about the relationship between the abundances of the enzymes and their substrates, which jointly determine metabolic fluxes. Here, we report a correlation between the concentrations of enzymes and their substrates in Escherichia coli. We suggest this relationship to be a consequence of optimal resource allocation, subject to an overall constraint on the biomass density: For a cellular reaction network composed of effectively irreversible reactions, maximal reaction flux is achieved when the dry mass allocated to each substrate is equal to the dry mass of the unsaturated (or "free") enzymes waiting to consume it.

Identification and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from surfaces near patients in an intensive care unit of a hospital in southeastern Brazil.

Introduction: Contaminated hospital environments contribute to the transmission of microorganisms associated with healthcare. Contaminated surfaces handled by patients or healthcare professionals are a source of microorganism transmission by hand. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus bacteria are among the main agents responsible for increasing healthcare-associated infections in Brazil and worldwide.