Photocatalytic production and biological activity of D-arabino-1,4-lactone from D-fructose.

Lactones play crucial roles in various fields, such as pharmaceuticals, food, and materials science, due to their unique structures and diverse biological activities. However, certain lactones are difficult to obtain in large quantities from natural sources, necessitating their synthesis to study their properties and potential. In this study, we investigated the photocatalytic conversion of D-fructose, a biomass-derived and naturally abundant sugar, using a TiO photocatalyst under light irradiation in ambient conditions.

Effects of denture use on occlusal force on abutment teeth in molar distal-extension edentulism.

Purpose: The present clinical study aimed to investigate the load exerted on abutment teeth in patients with distal extension edentulism, with and without a removable partial denture (RPD).

Methods: A total of 55 volunteers with distal extension edentulism who were fitted with an RPD participated in the present study. Occlusal force was measured by having the patients bite down on an occlusal force measuring sheet, and the occlusal forces on both the abutment teeth and the entire dentition with and without the RPD were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P < 0.

Separation of the diastereomers of phosphorothioated siRNAs by anion-exchange chromatography under non-denaturing conditions.

In recent years, several small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics have been approved, and most of them are phosphorothioate (PS)-modified for improving nuclease resistance. This chemical modification induces chirality in the phosphorus atom, leading to the formation of diastereomers. Recent studies have revealed that Sp and Rp configurations of PS modifications of siRNAs have different biological properties, such as nuclease resistance and RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) loading.

Clinical Measurements of Force Exerted on Anterior Teeth in Partial Edentulous Distal Extension.

Purpose: To determine the influence of partial edentulous distal extension and the use of removable partial dental prostheses in partially edentulous areas on the force exerted on the anterior teeth.

Materials And Methods: A total of 83 volunteer patients participated in this study. The occlusal force was measured using an occlusal force measuring sheet in the patient's mouth.

Retention behavior of short double-stranded oligonucleotide and its potential impurities by anion-exchange chromatography under non-denaturing conditions.

Small interfering RNA (siRNA), consisting of two complementary single-stranded RNAs with overhanging bases, is being adopted as a potent and specific inhibitor of target gene expression. However, non-duplexed single strands and undesired double strands composed of impurities (e.g.