ARTP statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing 2021.

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) has become an invaluable tool in healthcare, improving the diagnosis of disease and the quality, efficacy, assessment and safety of treatment across a range of pathologies. CPET's superior ability to measure the global exercise response of the respiratory, cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems simultaneously in a time and cost-efficient manner has led to the application of CPET in a range of settings from diagnosis of disease to preoperative assessment. The Association for Respiratory Technology and Physiology Statement on Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing 2021 provides the practitioner and scientist with an outstanding resource to support and enhance practice, from equipment to testing to leadership, helping them deliver a quality assured service for the benefit of all patient groups.

Exercise capacity reflects airflow limitation rather than hypoxaemia in patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

Background: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) generate a right-to-left shunt. Impaired gas exchange results in hypoxaemia and impaired CO2 clearance. Most patients compensate effectively but some are dyspneic, and these are rarely the most hypoxaemic.

Cerebral Abscess Associated With Odontogenic Bacteremias, Hypoxemia, and Iron Loading in Immunocompetent Patients With Right-to-Left Shunting Through Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations.

Background: Cerebral abscess is a recognized complication of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) that allow systemic venous blood to bypass the pulmonary capillary bed through anatomic right-to-left shunts. Broader implications and mechanisms remain poorly explored.

Methods: Between June 2005 and December 2016, at a single institution, 445 consecutive adult patients with computed tomography-confirmed PAVMs (including 403 [90.

Hemoglobin Is a Vital Determinant of Arterial Oxygen Content in Hypoxemic Patients with Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations.

Rationale: Pa and Sa are commonly measured in respiratory practice, but arterial oxygen content (Ca) refers to the volume of oxygen delivered to the tissues per unit blood volume. Ca is calculated from Sa and the hemoglobin concentration in blood, recognizing that each gram of hemoglobin can transport approximately 1.34 ml of oxygen when fully saturated.