Pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma mimicking pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a young adult presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax: a potential diagnostic pitfall.

We present a case of a histiocytic sarcoma incidentally detected in peripheral lung tissue resected for a spontaneous pneumothorax. Furthermore, we discuss the practical approach to pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, the main differential diagnosis of this lesion in the lung, based on morphological and immunohistochemical features. A 23-year-old male patient presented with recurrent pneumothoraces.

Breast reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi flap in a patient who had had her axillary lymph nodes irradiated in childhood.

We describe a 34-year-old woman who, at the age of 11 years, had had Hodgkin disease treated by irradiation of the axillary nodes. Twenty-two years later she developed a secondary breast carcinoma which was managed by skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate reconstruction with a pedicled latissimus dorsi flap.

Methotrexate-albumin and aminopterin-albumin effectively prevent experimental acute graft-versus-host disease.

Background: During the last several years, major progress has been made in developing targeted chemotherapy using cytotoxic drugs covalently bound to human serum albumin (HSA). We explored the activity of two antifolates methotrexate (MTX) and aminopterin (AMPT) bound to HSA in prophylaxis and treatment of experimental acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD).

Methods: In all, 113 female F1 hybrid BN/Lew-rats were irradiated with 8.

Adenocarcinoma of the ileoanal pouch for ulcerative colitis--a complication of severe chronic atrophic pouchitis?

Background: The appearance of a carcinoma in the ileal pouch after restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative proctocolitis is rare. Most of these adenocarcinomas previously described in literature develop from residual viable rectal mucosa. We report a case of an adenocarcinoma arising in all probability from the ileal pouch after malignant transformation of the ileal pouch mucosa based on a chronic atrophic pouchitis.

Mucosal FOXP3+ regulatory T cells are numerically deficient in acute and chronic GvHD.

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) control immune responses to self- and foreign antigens and play a pivotal role in autoimmune diseases, infectious and noninfectious inflammation, and graft rejection. Since recent experimental studies have indicated that Tregs were able to ameliorate graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), we analyzed the number of infiltrating Tregs in the intestinal mucosa as one site of GvH reactivity using immunoenzymatic labeling to enumerate FOXP3+ T cells in 95 intestinal biopsies from 49 allografted patients in comparison with healthy controls and patients with infectious inflammation. While patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV)-colitis or diverticulitis showed a concomitant increase of CD8+ effectors and Tregs, acute and chronic GvHD were characterized by the complete lack of a counter-regulation indicated by a FOXP3+/CD8+ T-cell ratio identical to healthy controls.