Microfluidic device for the high-throughput and selective encapsulation of single target cells.

Droplet-based microfluidic technologies for encapsulating single cells have rapidly evolved into powerful tools for single-cell analysis. In conventional passive single-cell encapsulation techniques, because cells arrive randomly at the droplet generation section, to encapsulate only a single cell with high precision, the average number of cells per droplet has to be decreased by reducing the average frequency at which cells arrive relative to the droplet generation rate. Therefore, the encapsulation efficiency for a given droplet generation rate is very low.

Revision of goblin spiders (Araneae: Oonopidae) in the Nansei Islands, Southwest Japan, with description of a new species.

We revised the fauna of goblin spiders (Oonopidae) in the Nansei Islands, southwest Japan, and recognized 12 species of seven genera. Eleven of them were described species, namely, Gamasomorpha cataphracta Karsch, 1881, Heteroonops spinimanus (Simon, 1892), Ischnothyreus narutomii (Nakatsudi, 1942), Ischnothyreus peltifer (Simon, 1891), Ischnothyreus velox Jackson, 1908, Opopaea cornuta Yin & Wang, 1984, Opopaea deserticola Simon, 1892, Opopaea syarakui (Komatsu, 1967), Orchestina flava Ono, 2005, Xestaspis parmata (Thorell, 1890), and Xyphinus karschi (Bsenberg & Strand, 1906). A new species is described under the name of Ischnothyreus ogatai sp.

Population genetic structure of the globally introduced big-headed ant in Taiwan.

Global commerce and transportation facilitate the spread of invasive species. The African big-headed ant, (Fabricius), has achieved worldwide distribution through globalization. Since the late 19th century, Taiwan has served as a major seaport because of its strategic location.

Alternative reproductive tactics in male freshwater fish influence the accuracy of species recognition.

Sexual conflict can result in coercive mating. Because males bear low costs of heterospecific mating, coercive males may engage in misdirected mating attempts toward heterospecific females. In contrast, sexual selection through consensual mate choice can cause mate recognition cues among species to diverge, leading to more accurate species recognition.