A high-protein diet-responsive gut hormone regulates behavioral and metabolic optimization in Drosophila melanogaster.

Protein is essential for all living organisms; however, excessive protein intake can have adverse effects, such as hyperammonemia. Although mechanisms responding to protein deficiency are well-studied, there is a significant gap in our understanding of how organisms adaptively suppress excessive protein intake. In the present study, utilizing the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, we discover that the peptide hormone CCHamide1 (CCHa1), secreted by enteroendocrine cells in response to a high-protein diet (HPD), is vital for suppressing overconsumption of protein.

Deciphering decadal urban ozone trends from historical records since 1980.

Ozone pollution is a major environmental threat to human health. Timely assessment of ozone trends is crucial for informing environmental policy. Here we show that for the most recent decade (2013-2022) in the northern hemisphere, warm-season (April-September) mean daily 8-h average maximum ozone increases much faster in urban regions with top ozone levels (mainly in the North China Plain, 1.

Structural response of microtubule and actin cytoskeletons to direct intracellular load.

Microtubule and actin are the two major cytoskeletal polymers that form organized functional structures in the interior of eukaryotic cells. Although the structural mechanics of the cytoskeleton has been extensively studied by direct manipulations in in vitro reconstitution systems, such unambiguous characterizations inside the living cell are sparse. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of how the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons structurally respond to direct intracellular load.

Spot the difference in reactivity: a comprehensive review of site-selective multicomponent conjugation exploiting multi-azide compounds.

Going beyond the conventional approach of pairwise conjugation between two molecules, the integration of multiple components onto a central scaffold molecule is essential for the development of high-performance molecular materials with multifunctionality. This approach also facilitates the creation of functionalized molecular probes applicable in diverse fields ranging from pharmaceuticals to polymeric materials. Among the various click functional groups, the azido group stands out as a representative click functional group due to its steric compactness, high reactivity, handling stability, and easy accessibility in the context of multi-azide scaffolds.