Whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators, renowned for their high Q-factors and narrow line widths, are widely utilized in integrated photonics. Integrating diffraction gratings onto WGM cavities has gained significant attention because these gratings function as azimuthal refractive index modulators, enabling single-mode WGM emissions and supporting beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM). The introduction of curved grating structures facilitates guided mode resonances by coupling high-order diffracted waves with leaking modes from the waveguide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus is generally considered to be borderline resectable because of its poor prognosis. This report describes a patient who underwent multidisciplinary treatment for HCC with massive IVC tumor thrombus.
Methods: The 56-year-old woman in this study had diffuse HCC of the medial and anterior segments.
Objective: After a total laryngectomy, patients lose various physiological functions of the upper airway. To address these issues, an artificial nose (heat and moisture exchanger (HME)) has been developed. However, the current HMEs do not provide sufficient physiological upper airway function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF