Bioelectronic and photogenerated electron synergistic catalyzed removal of chlorhexidine: Degradation and mechanism.

The extensive use of the antimicrobial compound chlorhexidine (CHD) has emerged as a significant threat to both the ecological environment and human health. To address this concern, a photo-electrochemical cell-microbial fuel cell (PMFC) system was studied for CHD removal by incorporating, for the first time, the photocatalysts black phosphorus/carbon nitride (BPCN) and CuO into the bioanode and air cathode of an MFC, respectively. By combining electrochemical, macro-genomic, and intermediate product analyses, the underlying mechanisms of bioelectronic and photoelectronic synergies were elucidated.

Screening the human miRNA interactome reveals coordinated up-regulation in melanoma, adding bidirectional regulation to miRNA networks.

Cellular protein expression is coordinated posttranscriptionally by an intricate regulatory network. The current presumption is that microRNAs (miRNAs) work by repression of functionally related targets within a system. In recent work, up-regulation of protein expression via direct interactions of messenger RNA with miRNA has been found in dividing cells, providing an additional mechanism of regulation.

A global kernel estimator for partially linear varying coefficient additive hazards models.

We study kernel-based estimation methods for partially linear varying coefficient additive hazards models, where the effects of one type of covariates can be modified by another. Existing kernel estimation methods for varying coefficient models often use a "local" approach, where only a small local neighborhood of subjects are used for estimating the varying coefficient functions. Such a local approach, however, is generally inefficient as information about some non-varying nuisance parameter from subjects outside the neighborhood is discarded.

ECM29/proteasome-mediated self-antigen generation by CNS-resident neuroglia promotes regulatory T cell activation.

Proteasomes generate antigenic peptides presented on cell surfaces-a process that, in neuroglia, is highly responsive to external stimuli. However, the function of the self-antigens presented by CNS parenchymal cells remains unclear. Here, we report that the fidelity of neuroglial self-antigens is crucial to suppress encephalitogenic T cell responses by elevating regulatory T (Treg) cell populations.