Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL-E) infections significantly impact patients with hematologic cancers, particularly those with prior colonization by resistant bacteria, leading to optimized treatments using carbapenems.
A study comparing empirical carbapenem therapy to non-carbapenem therapy in hospitalized adult hematology patients showed that 36% had positive ESBL-E colonization, yet the rate of future infections did not significantly differ between colonized and non-colonized patients.
Despite the presence of ESBL-E, there were no significant mortality rates associated with these infections, indicating that factors beyond colonization status may influence patient outcomes.