Evaluation of different PK/PD ratios of three enrofloxacin preparations on the clinical response of pneumonic calves.

Importance: Enrofloxacin preparations are available for administration daily or every 3 days. This study presents clinical evidence to define which preparation is adequate to treat clinical cases of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in calves.

Objective: To correlate the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) ratios of three pharmaceutical preparations of enrofloxacin with their clinical efficacy in treating BRD.

Intramammary preparation of enrofloxacin hydrochloride-dihydrate for bovine mastitis (biofilm-forming .

Background: Chronic bovine mastitis is linked to biofilm-producing (bp-Sa) or coagulase-negative (bp-Scn).

Objectives: Bp-Sa and bp-Scn were treated with intramammary preparations of either enrofloxacin HCl·2HO-dimethyl-sulfoxide-chitosan (enro-C/DMSO/chitosan) or enro-C alone. Their potential to inhibit and degrade biofilm formation was also assessed.

Pharmacokinetics of doxycycline hyclate in pigs with a new feed premix formulation.

This study aimed to evaluate the administration of doxycycline hyclate in a long-acting pharmaceutical preparation in pigs when administered either ad libitum as a feed medication or an oral bolus dose. In all instances, the studied dose was 20 mg/kg b.w.

Pharmaceutical Design of a Formulation of Enrofloxacin-Alginate and its Strategic Dosage to Achieve Mutant Prevention PK/PD Ratios in Broiler Chickens.

Introduction: The comparative pharmacokinetics (PK) and PK/pharmacodynamics (PD) ratios of a new pharmaceutical design of enrofloxacin-alginate in dried beads (EADBs) and the reference enrofloxacin 10% solution was determined in broiler chickens. Also, the same parameters were determined after administering enrofloxacin with a double dosing scheme (through drinking water and as an in-feed medication of EADBs). 500 Arbor-Acres broiler chickens were randomly divided into five groups (n=100), adjusting in all cases, a dose of 10 mg/kg based on water and feed intake as follows: group EADBs receiving enrofloxacin through EADBs added to their feed as dressing; group EADBs forcing the beads into the proventriculus using a semi-rigid gavage; group Enroad-lib dosed through their drinking water; group Enro also administered into the proventriculus by gavage; group Enro administering 5 mg/kg as EADBs in their feed, plus 5 mg/kg of enrofloxacin through their drinking water.

Oral pharmacokinetics of a pharmaceutical preparation of florfenicol in broiler chickens.

Introduction: The use of florfenicol must follow particular pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) ratios, i.e., it requires achieving serum concentrations at or slightly above the pathogen's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) during the dosing interval and that the ratio of area under the concentration vs.