The endoscopic transilluminator: an endoscopic device for identification of the proximal jejunum for transgastric endoscopic gastrojejunostomy.

Background: Localization of the proximal jejunum is important for creation of gastrojejunal anastomosis to palliate gastric outlet obstruction or for treatment of obesity with gastric bypass.

Objective: To facilitate identification of the proximal jejunum during transgastric endoscopic gastrojejunostomy with the use of an endoscopic transilluminator (ET).

Design And Setting: Acute experiments in a live porcine model.

Fatal hyperthermia due to dental treatment.

A 12-year-old boy with mental retardation and cerebral palsy developed hyperthermia during dental treatment performed while he was conscious. During the treatment, he was highly excited, and shortly after completion of the procedure, general muscular spasms occurred. His axillary temperature was 41.

Endoscopic gastrojejunostomy with survival in a porcine model.

Background: We have previously reported the feasibility and the safety of an endoscopic transgastric approach to the peritoneal cavity in a porcine model. We now report successful performance of endoscopic gastrojejunostomy with survival.

Methods: All procedures were performed on 50-kg pigs, with the pigs under general anesthesia, in aseptic conditions with sterilized endoscopes and accessories.

Oral high-dose midazolam premedication for infants and children undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether oral midazolam 1.5 mg x kg(-1) is a safe and effective alternative to standard-dose midazolam (0.5-1.

Changes in calcitonin gene-related peptide, atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

The initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass creates significant derangements in cardiovascular volume status and both endocrine and autonomic nervous system function. To examine whether such derangements might differ in patients with different pre-operative physical status scores, we measured the plasma concentrations of calcitonin gene-related peptide, atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide, catecholamines and antidiuretic hormone, as well as haemodynamic variables, during and after cardiopulmonary bypass in 27 consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. The pre-operative levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide differed significantly between ASA II patients and III and IV patients [mean (SD) brain natriuretic peptide levels = 14 (8.