Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis of spine diagnosis and management: An institutional experience of 21 cases.

Background: We aimed to establish a standardized protocol for managing multidrug-resistant (MDR) spinal tuberculosis (TB), addressing the surgical options, ranging from computed tomography-guided biopsy to intraoperative sampling.

Methods: This study developed a treatment/management protocol based on an analysis of clinical, radiological, and postoperative outcomes for 21 patients with spinal MDR-TB. Over 24 months, 21 patients with multidrug-resistant spinal TB underwent the following testing: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), numerical rating scale (NRS), and the American Spinal Injury Association Scale.

A Rare Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Encephalitis Mimicking Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease in an Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) encephalitis is characterized by viral entry into the brain, resulting in inflammation and a cascade of neuronal damage. Clinical manifestations include headaches, seizures, and movement disorders. A mortality rate of 20% and infrequent presentation make COVID-19 encephalitis a diagnostic challenge.

Out-of-pocket expenditure among patients with diabetic foot ulcer in a tertiary care hospital of south India: A cross-sectional study.

Diabetic foot ulcer is a debilitating complication of long-standing diabetes mellitus. Patients lose their earning potential, face repeated hospitalizations, and are forced to bear heavy treatment costs. This places an enormous financial burden on the patients and their families.