Enhanced oral absorption and biodistribution to submandibular salivary glands of D-limonene in Sprague Dawley rats via a liquid-lipid formulation approach.

Decreased saliva production due to salivary gland damage can result in difficulty speaking and swallowing, significantly reducing quality of life for head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. It is therefore imperative that treatment options are available to mitigate the effects of these debilitating side effects. D-limonene, a naturally occurring terpene, has shown protective effects on saliva production during radiotherapy treatment of mice, however the lipophilic nature of the molecule has necessitated a high oral dose to facilitate sufficient absorption.

Evaluating general practitioners' focused lung ultrasound competence and findings in patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia in general practice.

Objectives: To evaluate general practitioners' (GPs') ability to perform focused lung ultrasound (FLUS) following a training program and assess FLUS feasibility in general practice. Also, to describe FLUS findings and evaluate GPs' ability to interpret these in adults with acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) when pneumonia is suspected and assess GPs' perception of FLUS impact.

Methods: Nine GPs, using point-of-care ultrasound, completed a FLUS training program.

Enhancing the pharmacokinetics of abiraterone acetate through lipid-based formulations: addressing solubility and food effect challenges.

Abiraterone acetate, a prodrug of abiraterone, is an effective antiandrogen for treating metastatic prostate cancer. However, its poor aqueous solubility restricts oral bioavailability to under 10% in fasted conditions. Additionally, its pharmacokinetics are significantly influenced by food intake, leading to variable exposure that can impact treatment safety and efficacy.

Independent evolution of plant natural products: Formation of benzoxazinoids in Consolida orientalis (Ranunculaceae).

Benzoxazinoids (BXDs) are important defense compounds produced by a number of species from different, evolutionarily unrelated plant families. While BXD biosynthesis has been extensively studied in the grasses (monocots) and core eudicots, the mechanism of BXD synthesis in the basal eudicots is still unclear. We used an integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics approach to elucidate the BXD pathway in Consolida orientalis, a Ranunculaceae species known to produce the BXD DIBOA-Glc.