Characterization of a novel acidic phospholipase A isolated from the venom of Bothrops mattogrossensis: From purification to structural modeling.

Phospholipases A (PLAs) are highly prevalent in Bothrops snake venom and play a crucial role in inflammatory responses and immune cell activation during envenomation. Despite their significance, the specific role of PLAs from Bothrops mattogrossensis venom (BmV) in inflammation is not fully understood. This study sought to isolate and characterize a novel acidic PLA from BmV, designated BmPLA-A, and to evaluate its effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), with a specific focus on cytotoxicity, adhesion, and detachment.

Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells play a role in attenuating inflammation on Bothrops jararacussu venom muscle damage.

The immune system is regulated by dendritic cells (DCs), which are highly specialized cells for presenting antigens. They are thought of as natural sentinels that start the immune response triggered by naive T cells against invasive infections. DCs participate in the initial stage of muscle damage in conjunction with monocytes, macrophages, and myogenic cells.

Myotoxicity of Crotoxin on C2C12 Myoblasts and its Inhibition by Crotalus Neutralizing Factor versus Enhanced Resistance in Myotubes: Exploring Toxicity and Membrane Potential.

Background: Crotalus Neutralizing Factor (CNF) is a γ-type Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor present in the blood of Crotalus durissus terrificus snake. Particularly, CNF inhibits the toxic action of Crotoxin (CTX), which is a major neurotoxin found in C. d.

Effect of replacing ground corn with cactus pear Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) on feed intake and digestibility, water intake, milk production and composition in Holstein × Gyr cows.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake and digestibility of nutrients, production and composition of milk, and water intake of lactating dairy cows fed standard diets in which ground corn (C) was replaced by up to 100% in the diet by cactus pear (CP). Eight Girolando cows (½ Gyr x ½ Holstein), 3rd calf multiparous, with 60 to 80 days of lactation and an average weight of 450.0 ± 30.