Effects of ephedrine, caffeine, and their combination on muscular endurance.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ingesting caffeine (C), ephedrine (E), and their combination on muscular endurance, using a double-blind, repeated measures design.

Methods: Ninety minutes after ingesting either C (4 mg x kg-1), E (0.8 mg x kg-1), a combination of C+E, or a placebo (P), 13 male subjects performed a weight-training circuit consisting of three supersets (SS), each SS consisting of leg press (at 80% of 1 RM to exhaustion) followed by bench press (at 70% 1-RM to exhaustion); 2 min of rest intervened between SS.

Current management of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Helicobacter pylori infection continues to be one of the hottest topics in gastroenterology, challenging the primary care physician daily with the clinical application of its new developments and frequency of involvement in differential diagnosis. This article offers the primary care physician a practical approach to the dyspeptic office patient that emphasizes the differential diagnosis of H pylori. Included is a strategy for rapid patient evaluation through key questions in the history, simple maneuvers in the physical examination, and a logical approach to testing and therapy based on the latest literature.

Genetic-economic evaluation of traits in a goose meat enterprise.

1. Goose can be considered as an additional and inexpensive meat source, provided that the marketing age does not exceed 8 weeks. Using the ability of geese to eat grass may reduce the intake of concentrated food up to 30%.

The relative energy requirement of male vs female broilers and turkeys.

Three models to estimate energy requirement as a function of growth curve pattern were applied to controlled experimental data of male vs female of broilers and turkeys. The share of maintenance out of total feed requirement was 55% for the average of the three models with major divergence due to age. Comparison of the ratio between actual and estimated feed consumption reveals that the relative energy requirement was always lower in females than in males in the range of 5 to 10% for the three models, with an average of 7.

Incremental changes in and distribution of chick weight with hen age in four poultry species.

1. It is proposed that a general biological pattern exists for chick weight increase with hen age for the various commercial species of poultry and that one general equation can be used for the estimation of chick weight increment. 2.