Comparative morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits in sensitive and tolerant maize genotypes in response to salinity and pb stress.

Salinity and lead are two important abiotic stresses that limit crop growth and yield. In this study, we assayed the effect of these stresses on tolerant and sensitive maize genotypes. Four-week-old maize plants were treated with 250 mM sodium chloride (NaCl) and 250 µM lead (Pb).

Identification and characterization of the Quinoa AP2/ERF gene family and their expression patterns in response to salt stress.

The APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) transcription factors play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study was performed to comprehensively identify and characterize the AP2/ERF gene family in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a highly resilient pseudocereal crop known for its salinity tolerance.

Marginal integrity in minimally invasive molar resin composite restorations: Impact of polymerization shrinkage.

Objectives: This study utilized non-linear finite element (FE) models to explore polymerization shrinkage and its impact on marginal integrity in molars following both selective caries removal (SCR) and conventional treatment. Specifically, we performed 2D in silico simulations to study residual stresses post-resin polymerization shrinkage and their influence on the marginal integrity of various restoration types.

Methods: Initially, FE models were developed based on a cohesive zone framework to simulate crack propagation along the bonded interfaces between restoration and tooth structure in SCR-treated molars with class I and class II restorations.

Temporal Changes in Biochemical Responses to Salt Stress in Three Species.

Halophytes adapt to salinity using different biochemical response mechanisms. Temporal measurements of biochemical parameters over a period of exposure to salinity may clarify the patterns and kinetics of stress responses in halophytes. This study aimed to evaluate short-term temporal changes in shoot biomass and several biochemical variables, including the contents of photosynthetic pigments, ions (Na, K, Ca, and Mg), osmolytes (proline and glycine betaine), oxidative stress markers (HO and malondialdehyde), and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) activities of three halophytic species (, , and ) in response to non-saline, moderate (300 mM NaCl), and high (500 mM NaCl) salinity treatments at three sampling times.