Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment and Changes in Neural Network Dynamics: A Systematic Review.

Background And Objectives: This systematic review aims to synthesize the current literature on the association between chemotherapy (CTX) and chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) with functional and structural brain alterations in patients with noncentral nervous system cancers.

Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase databases was conducted, and results were reported following preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses guidelines. Data on study design, comparison cohort characteristics, patient demographics, cancer type, CTX agents, neuroimaging methods, structural and functional connectivity (FC) changes, and cognitive/psychological assessments in adult patients were extracted and reported.

Social Determinants of Health and Healthcare Access among Latina/x/o Sexual and Gender Minority Adults.

Purpose: This study aims to identify current social determinants of health (SDOH) and healthcare access barriers impacting health outcomes among Latina, Latinx, and Latino (Latina/x/o) sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals.

Methods: We conducted cross-sectional surveys of 521 Latina/x/o adults with a focus on SGM individuals from November 2022 to June 2023 in Cook County, IL. We recruited using social media groups and in person community venues geared towards Latina/x/o and/or Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgender/Questioning (LGBTQ+) individuals.

Connectome imaging to facilitate preservation of the frontal aslant tract.

Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is characterized by contralateral akinesia and mutism, and frequently occurs following resection of tumors involving the superior frontal gyrus. The frontal aslant tract (FAT), involved in functional connectivity of the supplementary area and other related large-scale brain networks, is implicated in the pathogenesis of, and recovery from, SMA syndrome. However, intraoperative neuromonitoring of the FAT is inconsistent and poorly reproducible, leading to a high rate of postoperative SMA syndrome.

Glycerol-3-phosphate activates ChREBP, FGF21 transcription and lipogenesis in Citrin Deficiency.

Citrin Deficiency (CD) is caused by inactivation of SLC25A13, a mitochondrial membrane protein required to move electrons from cytosolic NADH to the mitochondrial matrix in hepatocytes. People with CD do not like sweets. We discovered that SLC25A13 loss causes accumulation of glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), which activates carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) to transcribe FGF21, which acts in the brain to restrain intake of sweets and alcohol, and to transcribe key genes of lipogenesis.