HbA(1c) levels in cardiovascular diseased patients without diabetes in a developing country.

Background: High levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) have been associated with Coronary Vascular Diseases (CVD) in diabetic patients. Recent studies have reported no association between elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) among women without diabetes. There are many controversial studies on topics such as "Glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA(1c)) have been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the non-diabetic patients".

Renal effects of calcium channel blockers in vivo.

Daily output of urine was measured in three groups of five rabbits each, before and during seven days of oral therapy with nifedipine, verapamil and diltiazem. All the drugs caused significant (P less than 0.001) increases in mean daily output.