Renal Tuberculosis in a 9 Months Old: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

A nine months old girl with prenatal diagnosis of bilateral hydronephrosis underwent serious studies and in view of the presumed diagnosis of right functional annulment, a right laparoscopic nephroureterectomy was performed. The anatomopatological result was suggestive of tuberculosis without previous contact with the disease. Postoperatively, the child received antituberculosis therapy (ATT) for a full 8 months (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for 2 months and isoniazid and rifampin for 6 months) and the follow-up tests revealed improvement of ureterohydronephrosis in left kidney.

Subchronic (13-week) oral toxicity study of gamma-cyclodextrin in dogs.

The oral toxicity of gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CD) was examined in a 13-week feeding study in which four groups of four male and four female Beagle dogs received gamma-CD in the diet at concentrations of 0 (control), 5, 10, or 20%. No treatment-related changes were noted in behavior or appearance of the dogs and no mortalities occurred. Transient diarrhea occurred in some dogs of the 5 and 10% dose groups and in all dogs of the 20% dose group.

Nitrite-induced adrenal effects in rats and the consequences for the no-observed-effect level.

In a previous subchronic oral toxicity study with potassium nitrite, hypertrophy of the adrenal zona glomerulosa was observed for all nitrite levels examined including the lowest level of 100 mg/litre. This present study was carried out, therefore, to establish a no-observed-effect level (NOEL) for nitrite. Groups of 10 male and 10 female 6-wk-old Wistar rats received KNO2 at levels of 12.

Acute and subacute toxicity of tyramine, spermidine, spermine, putrescine and cadaverine in rats.

The acute and subacute toxicity of five biogenic amines-tyramine, spermidine, spermine, putrescine and cadaverine-were examined in Wistar rats. Tyramine and cadaverine had a low acute oral toxicity of more than 2000 mg/kg body weight. Putrescine had an acute oral toxicity of 2000 mg/kg body weight and spermidine and spermine each of 600 mg/kg body weight.

Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity study of erythritol in rats.

The potential toxicity and carcinogenicity of erythritol, a low-calorie sugar substitute, were examined in Wistar Crl:(WI) WU BR rats. Groups of 50 rats of each sex consumed diets with 0, 2, 5, or 10% erythritol, or 10% mannitol, for a period of 104-107 weeks. To each of these main groups, two satellite groups of 20 males each were attached for interim kills after 52 and 78 weeks of treatment.