IntelliCage: the development and perspectives of a mouse- and user-friendly automated behavioral test system.

IntelliCage for mice is a rodent home-cage equipped with four corner structures harboring symmetrical double panels for operant conditioning at each of the two sides, either by reward (access to water) or by aversion (non-painful stimuli: air-puffs, LED lights). Corner visits, nose-pokes and actual licks at bottle-nipples are recorded individually using subcutaneously implanted transponders for RFID identification of up to 16 adult mice housed in the same home-cage. This allows for recording individual in-cage activity of mice and applying reward/punishment operant conditioning schemes in corners using workflows designed on a versatile graphic user interface.

Gross Hematuria Associated with Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Drugs: Analysis of Current Treatment Standards and Relevance of Co-medication and Pharmacological Interactions.

Background: Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs are risk factors for gross hematuria (GH). Moreover, co-medication and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) may influence GH and its clinical course.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between GH and administration of oral anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs.

SB8, an approved bevacizumab biosimilar based on totality of evidence: scientific justification of extrapolation.

SB8 is a biosimilar of bevacizumab based on its similarity demonstrated by physicochemical, functional, non-clinical and clinical studies. Supported by the concept of extrapolation, SB8 was authorized and is used in a similar manner across all types of tumors as reference bevacizumab. Furthermore, SB8 offers convenience with prolonged stability compared with reference bevacizumab in diluted form.

Recording electrical activity from the brain of behaving octopus.

Octopuses, which are among the most intelligent invertebrates, have no skeleton and eight flexible arms whose sensory and motor activities are at once autonomous and coordinated by a complex central nervous system. The octopus brain contains a very large number of neurons, organized into numerous distinct lobes, the functions of which have been proposed based largely on the results of lesioning experiments. In other species, linking brain activity to behavior is done by implanting electrodes and directly correlating electrical activity with observed animal behavior.

Behavior is movement only but how to interpret it? Problems and pitfalls in translational neuroscience-a 40-year experience.

Translational research in behavioral neuroscience seeks causes and remedies for human mental health problems in animals, following leads imposed by clinical research in psychiatry. This endeavor faces several problems because scientists must read and interpret animal movements to represent human perceptions, mood, and memory processes. Yet, it is still not known how mammalian brains bundle all these processes into a highly compressed motor output in the brain stem and spinal cord, but without that knowledge, translational research remains aimless.