The phase transition from supercooled water to ice is closely related to the electrochemical performance and lifetime of an energy device at sub-zero temperatures. In particular, fuel cells for passenger cars face this issue because they are frequently started and stopped under sub-zero conditions during the winter season. However, there is a lack of visual information regarding the processes that occur within the fuel cell stack, and insight into how to improve the safety and performance during cold starts is lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci
October 2024