Structure of Atomically Dispersed Pt in a SnO Thin Film under Reaction Conditions: Origin of Its High Performance in Micro Electromechanical System Gas Sensor Catalysis.

A battery-driven micro electromechanical system (MEMS) gas sensor has been developed for household safety when using natural gas. The heart of the MEMS gas sensor is a 7.5 at % Pt-SnO thin film catalyst deposited on the SnO sensor layer.

Aggregation tendency of guest Fe in NaCoFeO (x < 0.1) as investigated by systematic EXAFS analysis.

In transition metal (M) compounds, the partial substitution of the host transition metal (M) to guest one (M) is effective to improve the functionality. To microscopically comprehend the substitution effect, degree of distribution of M is crucial. Here, we propose that a systematic EXAFS analysis against the M concentration can reveal the spatial distribution of M.

Invariant nature of substituted element in metal-hexacyanoferrate.

The chemical substitution of a transition metal (M) is an effective method to improve the functionality of materials. In order to design the highly functional materials, we first have to know the local structure and electronic state around the substituted element. Here, we systematically investigated the local structure and electronic state of the host (M ) and guest (M ) transition metals in metal-hexacyanoferrate (M-HCF), Na (M , M )[Fe(CN)] (1.

Multiple-wavelength neutron holography with pulsed neutrons.

Local structures around impurities in solids provide important information for understanding the mechanisms of material functions, because most of them are controlled by dopants. For this purpose, the x-ray absorption fine structure method, which provides radial distribution functions around specific elements, is most widely used. However, a similar method using neutron techniques has not yet been developed.

Tellurium Distribution and Speciation in Contaminated Soils from Abandoned Mine Tailings: Comparison with Selenium.

The distribution and chemical species of tellurium (Te) in contaminated soil were determined by a combination of microfocused X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF), X-ray diffraction (μ-XRD), and X-ray absorption fine structure (μ-XAFS) techniques. Results showed that Te was present as a mixture of Te(VI) and Te(IV) species, while selenium (Se) was predominantly present in the form of Se(IV) in the soil contaminated by abandoned mine tailings. In the contaminated soil, Fe(III) hydroxides were the host phases for Se(IV), Te(IV), and Te(VI), but Te(IV) could be also retained by illite.