Publications by authors named "H Nishiura"
Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- sequence type 34 (ST34) has recently become a global concern for public and animal health. The acquisition of mobile genetic element ICEmST, which contains two copper tolerance gene clusters, cus and pco, influences the epidemic success of this clone. Copper is used as a feed additive in swine at levels that potentially lead to selection pressure for Enterobacteriaceae; however, it remains unclear whether the copper tolerance system of ICEmST functions in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClusters of COVID-19 in high-risk settings, such as schools, have been deemed a critical driving force of the major epidemic waves at the societal level. In Japan, the vaccination coverage among students remained low up to early 2022, especially for 5-11-year-olds. The vaccination of the student population only started in February 2022.
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- HIV testing has decreased since 2020, and this study seeks to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on HIV diagnosis across different regions in Japan.
- Researchers used a back-calculation method to estimate HIV incidence and diagnosis rates in eight specific geographical regions.
- Results showed an overall increase in HIV incidence during the pandemic, with high diagnosed proportions in urban areas, while regions like Kyushu/Okinawa had lower diagnosed rates and a significant number of undiagnosed infections.
Article Synopsis
- Japan's strict border control measures, including mandatory entry and exit screenings for incoming passengers, were assessed from October 2020 to April 2022 to evaluate their effectiveness in managing COVID-19.
- A statistical model was created to compare the positivity rates of COVID-19 among arriving passengers with the prevalence data in the UK, revealing some discrepancies that indicated the impact of exit screenings.
- The study found that exit screening reduced the percentage of positive cases among Japanese passengers from 0.67% to 0.49% in the first month of implementation, suggesting a 59.3% reduction in positivity, especially during the Delta and Omicron variant phases.
Article Synopsis
- Despite global efforts to control COVID-19, transmission remains high, and many countries, including Japan, have relaxed mask-wearing mandates since February 2023.
- A mathematical model was developed to assess the impact of declining mask-wearing rates on COVID-19 incidence in Tokyo, revealing that coverage fell from 97% to 69% by October 2023.
- The findings suggest that continued mask recommendations could have saved 427 lives, with a significant risk of increased deaths if mask usage drops further, highlighting the importance of such measures in managing future pandemics.