Disturbances in the ocular surface microbiome by perioperative antimicrobial eye drops.

We aimed to elucidate the effects of antimicrobial eye drops used in the perioperative period of ophthalmic surgery on the ocular surface microbiome by metagenomic analysis. Twenty-eight eyes from 15 patients (mean age 74.1 years) with no history of eye drop use within 3 months before cataract surgery were included in this study.

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum alleviates hepatic steatosis and alters specific gut microbiota in a murine liver injury model.

Purpose: The gut microbiota, via the gut-liver axis, plays an important role in the development of intestinal failure-associated liver disease. Here, we investigated whether partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), a dietary fiber could alleviate liver damage and modulate the gut microbiota in a murine liver injury (LI) model.

Methods: Liver injury was induced in 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice using an enteral liquid diet composed of parenteral nutrition (LI group) and treated with 5% PHGG (LI/PHGG group).

Inactivation of human norovirus by chlorous acid water, a novel chlorine-based disinfectant.

Introduction: Human norovirus (HuNoV) is a leading cause of infectious gastroenteritis. Since HuNoV shows resistance to alcohol, chlorine-based sanitizers are applied to decontaminate the virus on environmental surfaces. Chlorous acid water (CA) has been recently approved as a novel chlorine-based disinfectant categorized as a Type 2 OTC medicine in Japan.

The Human Gut Microbe Suppresses Toxin Release from by Inhibiting Autolysis.

Disruption of the human gut microbiota by antibiotics can lead to (CD)-associated diarrhea. CD overgrowth and elevated CD toxins result in gut inflammation. Herein, we report that a gut symbiont, (BT), suppressed CD toxin production.

Microbiome analysis of contact lens care solutions and tear fluids of contact lens wearers: Possible involvement of streptococcal antigens in allergic symptoms related to contact lens wear.

The present study elucidated the pathogenesis of allergic symptoms (AS) related to contact lens (CL) wear by assaying CL care solutions in lens storage cases and tears from subjects with AS using molecular biology techniques. A total of 15 CL storage cases were collected from subjects with AS (n=9) and healthy, asymptomatic control CL wearers (n=6). Bacterial populations in CL care solutions and tears were assayed by culture and 16S rDNA sequencing.