Enhancing gene transfer to renal tubules and podocytes by context-dependent selection of AAV capsids.

AAV vectors show promise for gene therapy; however, kidney gene transfer remains challenging. Here we conduct a barcode-seq-based comparison of 47 AAV capsids administered through different routes in mice, followed by individual validation. We find that local delivery of AAV-KP1, but not AAV9, via the renal vein or pelvis effectively transduces proximal tubules with minimal off-target liver transduction, while systemic AAV9, but not AAV-KP1, enhances proximal tubule and podocyte transduction in chronic kidney disease.

Efficient Synthesis of β-Glucose 1-Phosphate through Enzymatic Phosphorolysis and Baker's Yeast Fermentation.

β-Glucose 1-phosphate (βGlc1P) is a donor substrate in the synthesis of various α-glucosides by glycoside phosphorylases belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 65. This study presents an efficient synthesis of βGlc1P combining enzymatic phosphorolysis of inexpensive maltose and baker's yeast fermentation to bias the equilibrium toward maltose phosphorolysis by removing released glucose. Mass production of βGlc1P was obtained in a 2 L reaction mixture initially containing 500 mM maltose and inorganic phosphate, with a yield of 76 %.

Newly Diagnosed Cancer After Diagnosis of Venous Thromboembolism - Insights From the COMMAND VTE Registry-2.

Background: Previous randomized clinical trials did not support a benefit of screening for occult cancer after diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE), although screening may be of potential benefit for selected high-risk patients.

Methods And Results: The COMMAND VTE Registry-2 enrolled consecutive patients with acute symptomatic VTE between 2015 and 2020 from 31 centers across Japan. The 3,706 patients in the registry without known active cancer at the time of VTE diagnosis were divided into 2 groups: those with (n=250) and without (n=3,456) newly diagnosed cancer during the follow-up period.

Evaluation of motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease: electronic vs. conventional paper diaries.

Background: Paper symptom diaries are a common tool for assessing motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, but there are concerns about inaccuracies in the assessment of motor fluctuation due to recall bias and poor compliance. We, therefore, developed an electronic diary with reminder and real-time recording functions.

Objectives And Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of the electronic diary, we compared compliance and motor fluctuation assessment with a paper diary.

Declining Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Co-Infections Among Young Japanese Women With Cervical Cancer and Its Precursors.

Co-infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) of multiple genotypes mainly occur due to increased sexual activity. To address the prevalence and trend of HPV co-infections in Japan, HPV-type-specific data from Japanese women (n = 8128) aged < 40 years and newly diagnosed with cervical abnormalities at 24 hospitals between 2012 and 2023 were analyzed. These included cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1/2 (CIN1/2, n = 2745), CIN3/adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) (n = 3953), and invasive cervical cancer (ICC, n = 1430).