Imaging and seismic modelling inside volcanoes using machine learning.

Despite advances in seismology and computing, the ability to image subsurface volcanic environments is poor, limiting our understanding of the overall workings of volcanic systems. This is related to substantive structural heterogeneities which strongly scatters seismic waves obscuring the ballistic arrivals normally used in seismology for wave velocity determination. Here we address this constraint by, using a deep learning approach, a Fourier neural operator (FNO), to model and invert seismic signals in volcanic settings.

Specific regulatory motifs predict glucocorticoid responsiveness of hippocampal gene expression.

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is an ubiquitously expressed ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates effects of cortisol in relation to adaptation to stress. In the brain, GR affects the hippocampus to modulate memory processes through direct binding to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) in the DNA. However, its effects are to a high degree cell specific, and its target genes in different cell types as well as the mechanisms conferring this specificity are largely unknown.

Low template STR typing: effect of replicate number and consensus method on genotyping reliability and DNA database search results.

To analyze DNA samples with very low DNA concentrations, various methods have been developed that sensitize short tandem repeat (STR) typing. Sensitized DNA typing is accompanied by stochastic amplification effects, such as allele drop-outs and drop-ins. Therefore low template (LT) DNA profiles are interpreted with care.

Tri-allelic SNP markers enable analysis of mixed and degraded DNA samples.

For the analysis of degraded DNA in disaster victim identification (DVI) and criminal investigations, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been recognized as promising markers mainly because they can be analyzed in short sized amplicons. Most SNPs are bi-allelic and are thereby ineffective to detect mixtures, which may lead to incorrect genotyping. We developed an algorithm to find non-binary (i.

Venous muscle pump function during pregnancy. Assessment by ambulatory strain-gauge plethysmography.

The venous muscle pump function was quantitatively assessed through pregnancy weeks 16, 30, 38 and 3 months (week 53) following delivery, in 24 pregnant women who completed a normal pregnancy. A statistically significant increase was found in the mean venous reflux (P less than 0.01), which was restored to initial values postpartum.